고춧가루 gochu(t)kkaru powdered red pepper 나뭇잎 namunnip leaf

냇물 naenmul stream

NOTE: In Korean, when two words combine to create a new compound word, sometimes its pronunciation changes. When this happens, ㅅ (시옷) is used as the final consonant of the first word in order to bridge the two words. It’s called 사이시옷 saisiot, because it’s inserted between (사이) the two separate words. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the words below.
고춧가루 /고추까루 gochu(t)kkaru/
나뭇잎 /나문닙 namunnip /
냇물 /낸물 naenmul /

tada 타다¹ VERB = burn, be burned

뭔가 타는 냄새 나지 않아? Mwonga taneun naemsae naji ana? Can’t you smell something burning?

*tada 타다² VERB = ride, get on, take

10번 버스를 타세요. Sip ppeon beoseureul taseyo. Take the number 10 bus.

tada 타다³ VERB

1 = mix (SYN. 섞다)

막걸리에 물을 탔나 봐. 너무 싱거워. Makkkeollie mureul tanna bwa. Neomu singgeowo. I think this makgeolli is watered-down. It’s too bland.

2 = make (coffee)

커피 타 줄까? Keopi ta julkka? Do you want some coffee?

tada 타다⁴ VERB = receive (SYN. 받다)

추석 때 보너스 탔어요? Chuseok ttae boneoseu tasseoyo? Did you get a bonus this Chuseok?

taedo 태도 [態 attitude + 度 way] NOUN = attitude, manner

저는 그 사람이 나이 어린 여자들을 대하는 태도가 마음에 안 들어요. Jeoneun geu sarami nai eorin nyeojadeureul daehaneun taedoga maeume an deureoyo. I don’t like the way he treats young ladies.

*taeeonada 태어나다 VERB = be born

저는 서울에서 태어났지만 부산에서 자랐어요. Jeoneun seoureseo taeeonatjjiman busaneseo jarasseoyo. I was born in Seoul, but I grew up in Busan.

taekada 택하다 /태카다/ [擇 select + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = choose, select (SYN. 고르다¹, 선택하다)

둘 중 하나를 택하세요. Dul jung hanareul taekaseyo. Choose between these two.

*taekkwondo 태권도 /태꿘도/ [跆 tread + 拳 fist + 道 Tao → a martial art using feet and fists] NOUN = taekwondo

우리나라에는 어렸을 때 태권도를 배우는 경우가 많아요. Urinaraeneun eoryeosseul ttae taekkwondoreul baeuneun gyeonguga manayo. Many children in Korea learn taekwondo when they are young.

NOTE: 태권도 is the traditional Korean martial art, also recognized worldwide. Both offenses and defenses are done with bare hands and feet. 태권도 not only trains the body but also emphasizes the disciplining of one’s mind.

*taeksi 택시 [from English taxi] NOUN = taxi

지갑을 택시에 두고 내렸어. Jigabeul taeksie dugo naeryeosseo. I left my purse in the taxi!

taelleonteu 탤런트 [from English talent] NOUN = TV actor, TV actress

한국의 몇몇 탤런트들은 중국에서 크게 인기가 있어요. Hanguge myeonmyeot taelleonteudeureun junggugeseo keuge inkkiga isseoyo. Some of Korean TV stars are very popular in China.

taepung 태풍 [颱 typhoon + 風 wind] NOUN = typhoon

매년 태풍으로 인한 재산 피해가 심각해요. Maenyeon taepungeuro inhan jaesan pihaega simgakaeyo. Typhoon causes huge damage to properties every year.

taeuda 태우다¹ VERB = take, give sb a ride

학교까지 좀 태워 줄래? Hakkkyokkaji jom taewo jullae? Can you give me a ride to school?

taeuda 태우다² VERB = burn

허락 없이 쓰레기를 태우면 안 됩니다. Heora geopssi sseuregireul taeumyeon an doemnida. You can’t burn garbage without permission.

taeyang 태양 [太 huge + 陽 sunlight → a huge object that emits sunlight] NOUN = the sun (SYN. 해¹ I)

내일은 내일의 태양이 뜰 거야! Naeireun naeire taeyangi tteul kkeoya! Tomorrow is another day (From the movie Gone With The Wind)!

tagonada 타고나다 VERB = be gifted

그 사람은 타고난 가수야. Geu sarameun tagonan gasuya. He is a gifted singer.

tagwolhada 탁월하다 /타궐하다/ [卓 eminent + 越 exceed + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = excellent, superior (SYN. 뛰어나다)

여기에 오기로 결정하신 건 탁월한 선택이었어요. Yeogie ogiro gyeoljjeonghasin geon tagwolhan seontaegieosseoyo. Your decision to come here was an excellent choice.

taip 타입 [from English type] NOUN = type

그 사람은 제 타입이 아니에요. Geu sarameun je taibi anieyo. He is not my type.

tak 탁 ADVERB

1 = with a bang

그 사람은 화가 나서 문을 탁 닫아 버렸어요. Geu sarameun hwaga naseo muneul tak dada beoryeosseoyo. He was so angry that he slammed the door shut.

2 = completely

더위 때문에 숨이 탁 막혀요. Deowi ttaemune sumi tak makyeoyo. I can’t breathe because of the heat.

NOTE: With meaning 2, 탁 is usually used as 탁 막히다 or 탁 트이다.

takjja 탁자 /탁짜/ [卓 table + 子 thing] NOUN = table (SYN. 테이블)

지진이 나면 탁자 밑에 숨으라고 배웠어요. Jijini namyeon takjja mite sumeurago baewosseoyo. I was taught to hide under the table in case of an earthquake.

takkku 탁구 /탁꾸/ [卓 table + 球 ball → a game where players play with a ball across the table] NOUN = table tennis

탁구 한 게임 어때? Takkku han geim eottae? How about a game of table tennis?

talchul(hada) 탈출(하다) [脫 escape + 出 out] I NOUN = escape II VERB = escape

이 감옥을 탈출하는 것은 거의 기적에 가까워요. I gamogeul talchulhaneun geoseun geoi gijeoge gakkawoyo. To escape from this prison is a near miracle.

tansaeng(hada) 탄생(하다) [誕 give birth + 生 born] I NOUN = birth II VERB = be born

우주의 탄생은 아직도 미스터리예요. Ujue tansaengeun ajiktto miseuteoriyeyo. The origin of the universe is still a mystery.

NOTE: 탄생하다 is used to refer to the birth of a noble baby, or else it is used metaphorically for things like institutions, systems, theories.

tap 탑 [塔 pagoda] NOUN = tower, pagoda

이 탑은 높이가 얼마나 됩니까? I tabeun nopiga eolmana doemnikka? How tall is this tower?

tat 탓 /탇/ NOUN = fault, blame, reason

저희가 늦은 것은 전부 제 탓입니다. Jeohiga neujeun geoseun jeonbu je tasimnida. We’re late because of me.

teibeul 테이블 [from English table] NOUN = table (SYN. 탁자)

네 사람이 앉을 테이블 있나요? Ne sarami anjeul teibeul innayo? Do you have a table for four?

teipeu 테이프 [from English tape] NOUN = tape

책이 찢어졌어. 테이프 있어? Chaegi jjijeojeosseo. Teipeu isseo? The book got ripped. Do you have some tape?

테이프 처음으로 다시 감았어? Teipeu cheoeumeuro dasi gamasseo? Did you rewind the tape?

*tellebijeon 텔레비전 [from English television] NOUN = television (SYN. 티브이)

우리 애는 텔레비전 보는 걸 너무 좋아해요. Uri aeneun tellebijeon boneun geol neomu joahaeyo. My kid loves watching television too much.

NOTE: In real-life conversation, many say 텔레비, omitting 전. But try to avoid this omission.

tende 텐데 = shortened form of 터인데. See 터 teo.

tenikka 테니까 = shortened form of 터이니까. See 터 teo.

*teniseu 테니스 [from English tennis] NOUN = tennis

다음 주 목요일에 나하고 테니스 칠래? Daeum ju mogyoire nahago teniseu chillae? Would you like to play tennis with me next Thursday?

teo 터 DEPENDENT NOUN

1 = situation, expectation

배고플 텐데, 밥 먹으러 가자. Baegopeul tende, bam meogeureo gaja. You must be hungry. Let’s go get some food.

2 = intention, plan

좀 이따 찾으러 올 테니까 이 짐 좀 잠시 맡아 줄래? Jo mitta chajeureo ol tenikka i jim jom jamsi mata jullae? Can you keep my luggage for a moment? I’ll be back soon to pick it up.

NOTE: 터 is usually used as - ㄹ/을 터인데, - ㄹ/을 터이니까 after a verb/adjective. 터인데 and 터이니까 are usually shortened to 텐데 and 테 니까 respectively.

teojida 터지다 VERB

1 = explode, go off

기뻐서 심장이 터질 것 같아요. Gippeoseo simjangi teojil kkeot gatayo. My heart is about to burst with joy.

2 = happen, break out

전쟁이 터질까 무서워요. Jeonjaengi teojilkka museowoyo. I’m worried that a war will break out.

teok 턱¹ NOUN = chin, jaw

면도를 하다가 턱이 벴어. Myeondoreul hadaga teogi besseo. I cut my chin while shaving.

teok 턱² DEPENDENT NOUN = reason

네가 알 턱이 없지. Nega al teogi eopjji. You wouldn’t know.

NOTE: 턱 is usually used as - ㄹ/을 턱이 없다 after a verb/adjective.

teol 털 NOUN = hair, fur

우리 집 강아지는 털이 아주 많아요. Uri jip gangajineun teori aju manayo. My puppy is fluffy.

teolda 털다 VERB

1 = dust, brush

이불에 먼지가 너무 많아. 좀 털어 줄래? Ibure meonjiga neomu mana. Jom teoreo jullae? The blanket is covered with dust. Can you shake it out?

2 = rob, steal

강도가 은행을 털었다. Gangdoga eunhaengeul teoreottta. The robber knocked off a bank.

teomineol 터미널 [from English terminal] NOUN = terminal

내일 아침에는 버스 터미널로 아버지 마중 나가야 해요. Naeil achimeneun beoseu teomineollo abeoji majung nagaya haeyo. I have to go to the bus terminal to pick up my dad.

teoneol 터널 [from English tunnel] NOUN = tunnel

기차가 터널을 통과하고 있어요. Gichaga teoneoreul tonggwahago isseoyo. The train is passing through a tunnel.

teong 텅 ADVERB = completely

냉장고가 텅 비었어요. Naengjanggoga teong bieosseoyo. The fridge is completely empty.

NOTE: 텅 is always used as 텅 비다.

teotteurida 터뜨리다 VERB

1 = explode, burst

여드름을 터뜨리지 마라. Yeodeureumeul teotteuriji mara. Don’t pop the pimples.

2 = burst into

그 아이는 풍선이 터지자 울음을 터뜨렸다. Geu aineun pungseoni teojija ureumeul teotteuryeottta. The kid burst into tears when his balloon burst.

teseuteu 테스트 [from English test] NOUN = test

테스트 결과 임신이 아니었어요. Teseuteu gyeolgwa imsini anieosseoyo. The pregnancy test was negative.

teugihada 특이하다 /트기하다/ [特 special + 異 different + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = unusual, unique (SYN. 독특하다)

그 사람은 좀 특이한 데가 있어요. Geu sarameun jom teugihan dega isseoyo. He’s rather unique.

teuida 트이다 VERB = get cleared, be opened

야외에 나오니 가슴이 탁 트이는 느낌이에요. Yaoee naoni gaseumi tak teuineun neukkimieyo. I feel very refreshed outdoors.

teuki 특히 /트키/ [特 special + 히 adverbial suffix] ADVERB = especially, particularly (SYN. 특별히)

날씨가 추워지기 시작하네요. 특히 밤에는요. Nalssiga chuwojigi sijakaneyo. Teuki bameneunyo. It’s starting to get much colder, especially at night.

teukjjeong 특정 /특쩡/ [特 special + 定 decide] DETERMINER = particular, specific

방송 중에는 특정 상표가 적힌 옷을 입으면 안 됩니다. Bangsong jungeneun teukjjeong sangpyoga jeoki noseul ibeumyeon an doemnida. Don’t wear clothes with particular brand names on it on the air.

teukjjing 특징 /특찡/ [特 special + 徵 sign] NOUN = distinctive characteristic, feature (SYN. 특성)

기억나는 다른 특징은 없나요? Gieongnaneun dareun teukjjingeun eomnayo? Do you remember any other characteristics?

teukkkeup 특급 /특끕/ [特 special + 級 grade] DETERMINER = special grade

그 사람들 특급 호텔에서 결혼식 한대요. Geu saramdeul teukkkeup hotereseo gyeolhonsik handaeyo. They have a wedding in a five-star hotel.

teukppyeol(hada) 특별(하다) /특뼐(하다)/ [特 special + 別 different] I DETERMINER = special

II ADJECTIVE = special

이번 달에는 특별 보너스를 받았어요. Ibeon dareneun teukppyeol boneoseureul badasseoyo. I received a special bonus this month.

이번 주말에 특별한 계획 있어? Ibeon ju-mare teukppyeolhan gyehoek isseo? Do you have any special plans for this weekend?

teukppyeolhi 특별히 /특뼐히/ [特 special + 別 different + 히 adverbial suffix] ADVERB = especially, particularly

특별히 찾는 물건이 있으세요? Teukppyeolhi channeun mulgeoni isseuseyo? Do you have anything particular in mind?

teuksseong 특성 /특썽/ [特 special + 性 nature] NOUN = characteristic, nature, quality (SYN. 특징)

저희 제품의 특성을 설명해 드리겠습니다. Jeohi jepume teuksseongeul seolmyeonghae deurigetsseumnida. Please let me explain our product’s features.

teukssu 특수 /특쑤/ [特 special + 殊 different] DETERMINER = special

특수 포장은 천 원이 추가됩니다. Teukssu pojangeun cheo nwoni chugadoemnida. Special packaging costs an additional thousand won.

teulda 틀다 VERB

1 = turn (SYN. 꺾다 2)

다음 사거리에서 오른쪽으로 틀면 병원이 나와요. Daeum sageorieseo oreunjjogeuro teulmyeon byeongwoni nawayo. If you turn right at the next intersection, you’ll see the hospital.

2 = turn on, play

선풍기 좀 틀어 줘. Seonpunggi jom teureo jwo. Turn on the fan, please.

음악 틀까? Eumak teulkka? Do you want me to play music?

teullida 틀리다 VERB = be wrong, be incorrect (ANT. 맞다² 1)

이런, 가사가 틀렸어요! Ireon, gasaga teullyeosseoyo! Oops! I’ve got the lyrics wrong.

NOTE: People often use 틀리다 wrongly when they should say 다르다. See the note on 다르다 dareuda.

teullimeopssi 틀림없이 /틀리멉씨/ [틀림 wrong (from 틀리다) + 없이 without] ADVERB = surely, certainly (SYN. 분명히, 확실히)

더 좋은 방법이 틀림없이 있을 거야. Deo joeun bangbeobi teullimeopssi isseul kkeoya. There must be a better way.

teullimeoptta 틀림없다 /틀리멉따/ [틀림 wrong (from 틀리다) + 없다 no] ADJECTIVE = sure, certain (SYN. 분명하다, 확실하다)

엄마한테 무슨 일이 있는 게 틀림없어요. Eommahante museun niri inneun ge teullimeopsseoyo. I’m sure something has happened to Mom.

teum 틈 NOUN

1 = crack, gap, space

커튼 좀 다시 쳐 줄래? 틈 사이로 햇빛이 들어와. Keoteun jom dasi cheo jullae? Teum sairo haeppichi deureowa. Can you draw the curtain again? Sunlight comes in through.

2 = spare time

요즘은 바빠서 운동할 틈이 없어요. Yojeumeun bappaseo undonghal teumi eopsseoyo. I’ve been so busy recently that I don’t have to time to exercise.

teunteunhada 튼튼하다 ADJECTIVE = strong, sturdy

이 의자는 아주 튼튼해요. I uijaneun aju teunteunhaeyo. This chair is very strong.

teureok 트럭 [from English truck] NOUN = truck

트럭에 짐이 너무 많아요. Teureoge jimi neomu manayo. The truck is overloaded.

*tibeui 티브이 [from English TV] NOUN = TV (SYN. 텔레비전)

티브이에 출연했을 때 떨리지 않았어요? Tibeuie churyeonhaesseul ttae tteolliji anasseoyo? Weren’t you nervous when you appeared on the TV?

tiket 티켓 /티켇/ [from English ticket] NOUN = ticket (SYN. 표¹ 1)

티켓과 신분증을 꺼내 주시기 바랍니다. Tiketkkwa sinbunjjeungeul kkeonae jusigi baramnida. Please take out your tickets and ID.

*tim 팀 [from English team] NOUN = team

저는 우리 팀에서 제일 키가 작아요. Jeoneun uri timeseo jeil kiga jagayo. I’m the shortest in my team.

tisyeocheu 티셔츠 [from English T-shirts] NOUN = T-shirt

어제 산 이 티셔츠를 교환하고 싶은데요. Eoje san i tisyeocheureul gyohwanhago sipeundeyo. I would like to exchange this T-shirt that I bought yesterday.

toegeun(hada) 퇴근(하다) [退 withdraw + 勤 work → the withdrawal from work] I NOUN = leaving the office (ANT. 출근) II VERB = leave the office (ANT. 출근하다)

먼저 퇴근할게요. 내일 봐요. Meonjeo toegeunhalkkeyo. Naeil bwayo. I’m heading home. I’ll see you guys tomorrow.

toewon(hada) 퇴원(하다) [退 withdraw + 院 house → the withdrawal from the hospital to house] I NOUN = leaving the hospital (ANT. 입원) II VERB = be discharged (ANT. 입원하다)

얼른 퇴원하시기를 바랍니다. Eolleun toewonhasigireul baramnida. I hope you get out of the hospital soon.

tohada 토하다 [吐 vomit + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = vomit, throw up.

어젯밤에 술을 너무 많이 마셨더니 토할 것 같아. Eojeppame sureul neomu mani masyeottteoni tohal kkeot gata. I drank too much last night and I feel like throwing up.

tokki 토끼 NOUN = rabbit

옛날 사람들은 달에 토끼가 산다고 믿었어요. Yennal saramdeureun dare tokkiga sandago mideosseoyo. In old days, people believed rabbits lived on the moon.

tomato 토마토 [from English tomato] NOUN = tomato

양파하고 토마토 몇 개, 우유가 필요해요. Yangpahago tomato myeot kkae, uyuga piryohaeyo. I need some onions, tomatoes, and milk.

ton 톤 [from English ton] DEPENDENT NOUN = ton

10톤이 넘는 트럭은 이 도로를 이용할 수 없습니다. Sip toni neomneun teureogeun i dororeul iyonghal ssu eopsseumnida. Trucks over ten tons are not allowed to use this road.

NOTE: Put sino-Korean numerals (일, 이, 삼, 사, 오, …) before 톤.

tong 통¹ [桶 bucket] NOUN = container, tub

안 쓰는 물건 담아 놓을 통 좀 가져와 봐. An sseuneun mulgeon dama noeul tong jom gajeowa bwa. Bring a container to put stuff I don’t use any more.

tong 통² ADVERB = really, completely

요즘 통 입맛이 없어요. Yojeum tong immasi eopsseoyo. I have no appetite these days.

NOTE: 통 is always followed by a negative expression.

tong 통³ [通 correspondence] DEPENDENT NOUN = unit of counting letters, documents or phone calls

전화 한 통 써도 될까요? Jeonhwa han tong sseodo doelkkayo? Can I use your phone?

NOTE: Put pure Korean numerals (한, 두, 세, 네, 다섯, …) before 통.

tonggwa(hada) 통과(하다) [通 go through + 過 pass] I NOUN = passing, passage II VERB = pass, get through

내 생각에는 피아노가 문을 통과하지 못할 것 같아. Nae saenggageneun pianoga muneul tonggwahaji motal kkeot gata. I don’t think the piano can get through the door.

tonggye 통계 [統 put together + 計 calculate] NOUN = statistics

통계를 완전히 믿을 수는 없어요. Tonggyereul wanjeonhi mideul ssuneun eopsseoyo. We can’t completely trust statistics.

tonghada 통하다 [通 go through + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB

1 = go through

이 건물은 공기가 잘 안 통하는 것 같아요. I geonmureun gonggiga ja ran tonghaneun geot gatayo. I think this building has poor ventilation.

2 = make sense

이 문장은 뜻이 안 통해요. I munjangeun tteusi an tonghaeyo. This sentence doesn’t make sense.

3 = pass, be accepted

그런 변명은 안 통해. Geureon byeonmyeongeun an tonghae. An excuse like that doesn’t pass.

tonghaeng(hada) 통행(하다) [通 go through + 行 go] I NOUN = passing, passage II VERB = pass (through)

공사 때문에 통행에 불편을 드려 죄송합니다. Gongsa ttaemune tonghaenge bulpyeoneul deuryeo joesonghamnida. We’re sorry for inconvenience caused by the construction.

tonghap(ada) 통합(하다) [統 put together + 合 join] I NOUN = combination, integration II VERB = combine, integrate

이번 달 말에 두 부서를 통합할 예정입니다. Ibeon dal mare du buseoreul tonghapal ryejeongimnida. We are going to merge the two departments.

tonghwa(hada) 통화(하다) [通 go through + 話 talk → talk through telephone] I NOUN = telephone conversation II VERB = talk over the phone

지호하고 통화하고 싶은데요. Jihohago tonghwahago sipeundeyo. I’d like to speak to Jiho, please.

통화 중이에요. Tonghwa jungieyo. The line is busy.

tongil(hada) 통일(하다) [統 put together + 一 one → the state in which two different entities are put together as one] I NOUN = unification, unity

II VERB = unify, unite

시간이 별로 없으니 주문을 한 가지로 통일하자. Sigani byeollo eopsseuni jumuneul han gajiro tongilhaja. We don’t have much time, so let’s all have the same menu.

tongjang 통장 [通 go through + 帳 book → a book which records the insertion and withdrawal of money] NOUN = bankbook

통장을 가져오셨나요? Tongjangeul gajeoosyeonnayo? Did you bring your bankbook with you?

tongje(hada) 통제(하다) [統 rule + 制 force] I NOUN = control, regulation II VERB = control, regulate

인간은 날씨의 변화를 통제할 수 없어요. Inganeun nalssie byeonhwareul tongjehal ssu eopsseoyo. Humans can’t control weather changes.

tongjjeung 통증 /통쯩/ [痛 painful + 症 symptom] NOUN = pain, ache

어젯밤부터 가슴에 통증이 있어요. Eojeppambuteo gaseume tongjjeungi isseoyo. I’ve had a pain in my chest since last night.

tongno 통로 /통노/ [通 go through + 路 road] NOUN = passage, path

통로 쪽 좌석으로 부탁합니다. Tongno jjok jwaseogeuro butakamnida. I’d like an aisle seat, please.

tongsin 통신 [通 communicate + 信 letter] NOUN = communication

이메일은 효과적인 통신 수단이에요. Imeireun hyogwajeogin tongsin sudanieyo. E-mail is an efficient way of communicating.

tongyeok(ada) 통역(하다) [通 communicate + 譯 translate → the act of translating a particular language to another in order to facilitate communication] I NOUN = interpretation II VERB = interpret

한국에서는 택시에서 무료로 통역 서비스를 제공해요. Hangugeseoneun taeksieseo muryoro tongyeok seobiseureul jegonghaeyo. In Korea, taxis have free interpretation service.

toron(hada) 토론(하다) [討 attack + 論 argue] I NOUN = debate, discussion II VERB = debate, discuss

오늘 토론은 주제가 뭐예요? Oneul toroneun jujega mwoyeyo? What’s the topic for today’s discussion?

*toyoil 토요일 [土 soil + 曜 light + 日 day] NOUN = Saturday

이번 주 토요일 오후에는 수업이 없어요. Ibeon ju toyoil ohueneun sueobi eopsseoyo. There are no classes this Saturday afternoon.

ttada 따다 VERB

1 = pick, pluck

아직 열매를 따지 마세요. Ajik yeolmaereul ttaji maseyo. Don’t pick the fruit yet.

2 = get, obtain, win

그 사람은 미국에서 박사 학위를 땄어요. Geu sarameun migugeseo bakssa hagwireul ttasseoyo. He got a doctorate in the U.S.

*ttae 때¹ NOUN = time, the time, the moment

이게 너 어렸을 때 사진이야? Ige neo eoryoesseul ttae sajiniya? Is this your photo when you were small?

아무 때나 괜찮아요. Amu ttaena gwaenchanayo. Any time will do.

ttae 때² NOUN = dirt

저는 목욕탕에 안 가고 집에서 때를 밀어요. Jeoneun mogyoktange an gago jibeseo ttaereul mireoyo. I don’t go to a bath house but scrub my body at home.

ttaem 땜 = colloquial word of 때문 ttaemun

*ttaemun 때문 DEPENDENT NOUN = because (of), since

어제는 비가 왔기 때문에 외출을 하지 않았어요. Eojeneun biga watkki ttaemune oechureul haji anasseoyo. Because it rained yesterday, I stayed home.

NOTE: 때문 is usually used as 때문에 or 때문 이다 after a noun or the nominal ending - 기.

ttaerida 때리다 VERB = beat, hit

아이가 아무리 잘못을 했어도 때리는 것은 옳지 않습니다. Aiga amuri jalmoseul haesseodo ttaerineun geoseun olchi ansseumnida. It’s wrong to hit a child no matter how naughty the child has been.

ttaero 때로 ADVERB = sometimes, occasionally (SYN. 가끔, 간혹)

그 사람도 때로는 실수를 해요. Geu saramdo ttaeroneun silssureul haeyo. Even he makes mistakes at times.

ttaettaero 때때로 ADVERB = sometimes, occasionally

때때로 소나기가 예상됩니다. Ttaettaero sonagiga yesangdoemnida. We can expect showers from time to time.

ttak 딱 ADVERB

1 = exactly, perfectly

이 신발 저한테 딱 맞아요. I sinbal jeohante ttang majayo. These shoes fit me just right.

2 = just

가기 전에 딱 한 잔만 더 하자. Gagi jeone tta kan janman deo haja. Let’s just have just one more for the road.

ttakttakada 딱딱하다 /딱따카다/ ADJECTIVE = hard, stiff (ANT. 부드럽다)

빵이 너무 딱딱해서 씹을 수가 없어. Ppangi neomu ttakttakaeseo ssibeul ssuga eopsseo. This bread is too hard to chew.

*ttal 딸 NOUN = daughter (ANT. 아들)

우리 집은 딸만 셋이에요. Uri jibeun ttalman sesieyo. There are three daughters and no son in my family.

*ttalgi 딸기 NOUN = strawberry

싱싱한 딸기를 좀 사고 싶어요. Singsinghan ttalgireul jom sago sipeoyo. I’d like to buy some fresh strawberries.

ttam 땀 NOUN = sweat, perspiration

손바닥에서 땀이 나요. Sonppadageseo ttami nayo. My palms are sweaty.

ttan 딴 DETERMINER = another, other (SYN. 다른)

미안, 잠시 딴 생각을 하고 있었어. Mian, jamsi ttan saenggageul hago isseosseo. Sorry. I was just thinking about something else.

ttang 땅 NOUN = earth, land, ground

땅에 발이 닿지 않아요. Ttange bari dachi anayo. My feet don’t touch the ground.

IDIOMS

ttangeul chida 땅을 치다 = bitterly regret (SYN. 가 슴을 치다)

나는 거기 가지 않은 것을 땅을 치고 후회했다. Naneun geogi gaji aneun geoseul ttangeul chigo huhoehaettta. I bitterly regretted not having gone there.

ttang jipkko heeom chigi 땅 짚고 헤엄 치기 = a piece of cake (SYN. 식은 죽 먹기, 누워서 떡 먹기)

이번 수학 시험은 땅 짚고 헤엄치기였어. Ibeon suhak ssiheomeun ttang jipkko heeomchigiyeosseo. This math exam was as easy as pie.

ttangkong 땅콩 NOUN = peanut

땅콩 좀 더 주실 수 있나요? Ttangkong jom deo jusil ssu innayo? Can I get some more peanuts?

ttangppadak 땅바닥 /땅빠닥/ [땅 land + 바닥 floor] NOUN = (bare) ground

그는 땅바닥에 주저앉았다. Geuneun ttangppadage jujeoanjattta. He sat flat on the ground.

ttangssok 땅속 /땅쏙/ [땅 land + 속 inside] NOUN = underground

땅속에는 작은 벌레들이 많이 산다. Ttangssogeneun jageun beolledeuri mani sanda. There are many small worms living under the ground.

ttanim 따님 [따 daughter (from 딸) + 님 sir] NOUN = (sb else’s) daughter (ANT. 아드님)

따님이 몇 살인가요? Ttanimi myeot ssaringayo? How old is your daughter?

ttaradanida 따라다니다 [따라 follow (from

따르다) + 다니다 go] VERB = follow, chase, tag along

왜 자꾸 내 뒤를 따라다니는 거야? Wae jakku nae dwireul ttaradanineun geoya? Why do you keep following me around?

ttaragada 따라가다 [따라 follow (from 따르 다) + 가다 go] VERB = follow, go after

먼저 가. 따라갈게. Meonjeo ga. Ttaragalkke. You lead the way, and I’ll follow you.

강의를 따라갈 수가 없어요. Gangireul ttaragal ssuga eopsseoyo. I can’t follow the lecture.

ttarai 딸아이 /따라이/ [딸 daughter + 아이 child] NOUN = one’s own daughter

딸아이가 오늘 소풍을 가요. Ttaraiga oneul sopungeul gayo. My daughter is going on a picnic today.

ttaraoda 따라오다 [따라 follow (from 따르다) + 오다 come] VERB = follow, come with

저를 따라오세요. Jeoreul ttaraoseyo. Follow me.

ttaraseo 따라서 ADVERB = so, therefore, accordingly (SYN. 그러므로)

너는 아직 어려. 따라서 부모님의 말을 따라야 해. Neoneun ajik eoryeo. Ttaraseo bumonime mareul ttaraya hae. You’re still young, so listen to what your parents say.

ttareuda 따르다¹ VERB = pour

제가 한 잔 따르겠습니다. Jega han jan ttareugetsseumnida. Let me pour you a glass.

ttareuda 따르다² VERB = follow, go after

오늘은 엄마를 따라 백화점에 갔어요. Oneureun eommareul ttara baekwajeome gasseoyo. Today I followed my mother to the department store.

이번에는 당신 의견에 따르겠습니다. Ibeoneneun dangsin uigyeone ttareugetsseumnida. I’ll go along with you on this one.

ttaro 따로 ADVERB = separately

저는 부모님이랑 따로 살아요. Jeoneun bumonimirang ttaro sarayo. I live apart from my parents.

ttarottaro 따로따로 = 따로 ttaro

*ttatteutada 따뜻하다 /따뜨타다/ ADJECTIVE = warm

난 따뜻한 날씨가 좋아. Nan ttatteutan nalssiga joa. I like warm weather.

tteda 떼다 VERB = take sth off, detach (ANT. 붙이다 1, 2)

저는 두 손을 떼고 자전거를 탈 수 있어요. Jeoneun du soneul ttego jajeongeoreul tal ssu isseoyo. I can ride a bicycle with both my hands off the handles.

tteodeulda 떠들다 VERB = chat, make noise

떠들고 싶으면 딴 데로 가라. Tteodeulgo sipeumyeon ttan dero gara. If you want to make a noise, go somewhere else.

*tteok 떡 NOUN = rice cake

부엌에 떡이 좀 있어요. Bueoke tteogi jo misseoyo. There is some rice cake in the kitchen.

NOTE: 떡 is rice cake made with cooked sticky rice. It is a popular snack in Korea and it is especially known as traditional holiday food.

tteokkkuk 떡국 /떡꾹/ [떡 rice cake + 국 soup] NOUN = rice-cake soup

떡국은 설날에 먹는 전통 음식이에요. Tteokkkugeun seollare meongneun jeontong eumsigieyo. Rice-cake soup is a traditional dish you eat on the lunar New Year’s Day.

NOTE: 떡국 is a clear soup made with sliced rice cake. It is a tradition in Korea to eat this soup on the morning of Chinese New Year’s Day.

tteokppokki 떡볶이 /떡뽀끼/ [떡 rice cake + 볶 stir (from 볶다) + 이 nominal suffix] NOUN = tteokbokki (rice cakes in hot sauce)

떡볶이는 대표적인 길거리 음식이에요. Tteokppokkineun daepyojeogin gilgeori eumsigieyo. Tteokbokki is one of the most common foods sold by street vendors.

NOTE: 떡볶이 is rice cake stir-fried with vegetables and seasoned with red pepper paste. It is a very popular snack for young students.

tteolda 떨다 VERB = shake, quiver

떨지 말고 침착해. Tteolji malgo chimchakae. Don’t be nervous and stay calm.

tteollida 떨리다 [떨다 shake + 리 passive suffix] VERB = shake, tremble

너무 떨려서 아무 생각도 안 나요. Neomu tteollyeoseo amu saenggaktto an nayo. I’m so nervous that I can’t think of anything.

*tteonada 떠나다 VERB = leave

언제 한국으로 떠나세요? Eonje hangugeuro tteonaseyo? When are you leaving for Seoul?

tteonagada 떠나가다 [떠나 leave (from 떠나다) + 가다 go] VERB = leave

떠나간 사람 기다려도 아무 소용 없어요. Tteonagan saram gidaryeodo amu soyong eopsseoyo. It’s useless to wait for someone who has left you.

tteonaoda 떠나오다 [떠나 leave (from 떠나다) + 오다 come] VERB = leave

집을 떠나온 지 얼마나 되었습니까? Jibeul tteonaon ji eolmana doeeotsseumnikka? How long has it been since you left home?

tteoollida 떠올리다 VERB = recall

이 사진을 보면 어릴 때가 떠올라요. I sajineul bomyeon eoril ttaega tteoollayo. This photo reminds me of my childhood.

tteooreuda 떠오르다 VERB

1 = rise up

떠오르는 태양 tteooreuneun taeyang the rising sun

2 = occur (SYN. 생각나다, 기억나다)

좋은 생각이 떠올랐다. Joeun saenggagi tteoollattta. I have a good idea.

tteoreojida 떨어지다 /떠러지다/ VERB

1 = fall, drop

저는 자다가 침대에서 잘 떨어져요. Jeoneun jadaga chimdaeeseo jal tteoreojeoyo. I often fall off my bed when I sleep.

2 = fail

시험에서 떨어져서 기분이 우울해요. Siheomeseo tteoreojeoseo gibuni uulhaeyo. I’m depressed because I failed the test.

tteoreotteurida 떨어뜨리다 /떠러뜨리다/ VERB = drop

젓가락을 떨어뜨렸는데 다른 걸로 바꿔 주실래요? Jeokkarageul tteoreotteuryeonneunde dareun geollo bakkwo jusillaeyo? I dropped my chopsticks. Can I get another pair?

tteuda 뜨다¹ VERB

1 = float (ANT. 가라앉다)

나는 마치 공중에 떠 있는 듯한 느낌이 들었다. Naneun machi gongjunge tteo inneun deutan neukkimi deureottta. I felt as if I were floating in the air.

2 = rise (ANT. 지다³ 1)

아버지는 해가 뜨기도 전에 일을 시작하세요. Abeojineun haega tteugido jeone ireul sijakaseyo. My father begins to work before the sun rises.

tteuda 뜨다² VERB = open (one’s eyes) (ANT. 감다²)

눈을 떠! Nuneul tteo! Open your eyes!

tteuda 뜨다³ VERB = leave, move on

회의 중에는 자리를 뜨지 마세요. Hoei jung-eneun jarireul tteuji maseyo. Don’t leave your seat in the middle of a meeting.

*tteugeoptta 뜨겁다 /뜨겁따/ ADJECTIVE = hot, burning (ANT. 차갑다)

뜨거운 물이 안 나와요. Tteugeoun muri an nawayo. The hot water isn’t running.

tteul 뜰 NOUN = yard, garden

뜰에서 아이들이 뛰놀고 있다. Tteureseo aideuri ttwinolgo ittta. There are children playing about in the garden.

tteut(ada) 뜻(하다) /뜯, 뜨타다/ I NOUN = meaning, sense (SYN. 의미) II VERB = mean, plan (SYN. 의미하다)

무슨 뜻이야? Museun tteusiya? What do you mean?

tteutppak 뜻밖 /뜯빡/ [뜻 meaning + 밖 outside] NOUN = unexpectedness (SYN. 의외)

여기서 너를 만나다니 정말 뜻밖인데! Yeogiseo neoreul mannadani jeongmal tteutppakkinde! What a nice surprise to see you here.

NOTE: 뜻밖 is often used as 뜻밖에. It can be replaced by 의외로.

tteuttta 뜯다 /뜯따/ VERB = take sth off, tear sth off

얼른 봉투를 뜯어 봐. Eolleun bongtureul tteudeo bwa. Open the envelope quickly.

tteutttaero 뜻대로 /뜯때로/ [뜻 meaning + 대로 as] ADVERB = as one wishes (SYN. 마음대로)

일이 뜻대로 잘 안 되네. Iri tteutttaero ja ran doene. Things aren’t going as I want them to.

ttida 띄다¹ /띠다/ VERB = be seen

환자의 상태가 눈에 띄게 좋아졌어요. Hwanjae sangtaega nune ttige joajeosseoyo. The patient’s condition has improved noticeably.

ttida 띄다² /띠다/ VERB = space, leave a pace

이 두 단어는 띄어야 해요. I du daneoneun ttieoya haeyo. You should leave a space between these two words.

ttiuda 띄우다 /띠우다/ VERB = fly, launch, float

우리는 배를 호수에 띄웠다. Urineun baereul hosue ttiwottta. We launched our boat into the lake.

*tto 또 ADVERB

1 = once more, again (SYN. 다시, 또다시)

커피 가격이 또 올랐어요. Keopi gagyeogi tto ollasseoyo. The price of coffee has gone up again.

2 = also, too

그녀는 예쁘고 또 옷도 잘 입어요. Geunyeoneun yeppeugo tto ottto jal ribeoyo. She’s pretty and also dresses very well.

ttodasi 또다시 [또 again + 다시 again] ADVERB = again (SYN. 또 1, 다시)

너는 또다시 같은 잘못을 저질렀어. Neoneun ttodasi gateun jalmoseul jeojilleosseo. You made the same mistake again.

ttohan 또한 ADVERB

1 = also, too (SYN. 역시 1)

그것 또한 문제지. Geugeot ttohan munjeji. That is a problem, too.

2 = furthermore, and

그 사람은 지위도 있고 또한 돈도 있다. Geu sarameun jiwido itkko ttohan dondo ittta. He has both status and money.

ttokkkachi 똑같이 /똑까치/ [똑 completely + 같이 like] ADVERB = alike, equally

나라도 똑같이 했을 거야. Narado ttokkkachi haesseul kkeoya. I would have done the same thing.

*ttokkkattta 똑같다 /똑깓따/ [똑 completely + 같다 same] ADJECTIVE = same, identical (SYN. 같 다 1, 동일하다)

너는 고등학교 때랑 똑같구나! Neoneun godeunghakkkyo ttaerang ttokkkatkkuna! You look exactly the same as you did in high school!

*ttokpparo 똑바로 /똑빠로/ [똑 completely + 바로 straight] ADVERB

1 = straight

똑바로 가다가 왼쪽으로 도세요. Ttokpparo gadaga oenjjogeuro doseyo. Go straight and turn left.

2 = correctly, clearly

혼자 중얼거리지 말고 똑바로 말해라. Honja jungeolgeoriji malgo ttokpparo malhaera. Speak clearly without mumbling to yourself.

ttokttokada 똑똑하다 /똑또카다/ ADJECTIVE = smart, clever

아드님이 참 똑똑하군요. Adeunimi cham ttokttokagunnyo. Your son is really smart.

ttoneun 또는 ADVERB = or (SYN. 혹은)

전국이 차차 흐려져 눈 또는 비가 오겠습니다. Jeongugi chacha heuryeojeo nun ttoneun biga ogetsseumnida. We expect some cloud cover nationwide followed by snow or rain.

ttukkeong 뚜껑 NOUN = cover, cap, top

제발 치약 쓰고 나면 뚜껑 좀 닫아. Jebal chiyak sseugo namyeon ttukkeong jom dada. Please put on the cap on the toothpaste after using it.

IDIOM

ttukkeongeul yeolda 뚜껑(을) 열다 = see what has happened

뚜껑을 열고 보니 결과는 예상과 달랐다. Ttukkeongeul yeolgo boni gyeolgwaneun yesanggwa dallattta. The result turned out to be different from what I expected.

ttulta 뚫다 /뚤타/ VERB = dig, pierce

그녀는 양쪽 귀를 모두 뚫었다. Geunyeoneun yangjjok gwireul modu ttureottta. She has both ears pierced.

ttungttunghada 뚱뚱하다 ADJECTIVE = fat, overweight (ANT. 마르다¹)

이 옷 입으니까 나 뚱뚱해 보이지 않아? I o dibeunikka na ttungttunghae boiji ana? Do I look fat in these clothes?

tturyeotada 뚜렷하다 /뚜려타다/ ADJECTIVE = clear, distinct

요즘 십대들은 개성이 뚜렷해요. Yojeum sipttaedeureun gaeseongi tturyeotaeyo. Teenagers today have distinct individuality.

*ttwida 뛰다 VERB

1 = run (SYN. 달리다¹)

100미터를 몇 초에 뛰세요? Baeng miteoreul myeot choe ttwiseyo? How many seconds does it take you to run 100 meters?

2 = jump

소파 위에서 뛰지 마라. Sopa wieseo ttwiji mara. Don’t jump on the sofa.

3 = beat, pound

심장이 정말 빨리 뛰어요. Simjangi jeongmal ppalli ttwieoyo. My heart is beating really fast.

ttwieodanida 뛰어다니다 [뛰어 run (from 뛰 다) + 다니다 go] VERB = run around

수영장 주위를 뛰어다니면 안 돼. Suyeongjang juwireul ttwieodanimyeon an dwae. You shouldn’t run around the pool.

ttwieodeulda 뛰어들다 VERB = run, dash

빨리 바다에 뛰어들자! Ppalli badae ttwieodeulja! Let’s hurry and jump in the ocean!

ttwieogada 뛰어가다 [뛰어 run (from 뛰다) + 가다 go] VERB = go running

어디를 그렇게 뛰어가세요? Eodireul geureoke ttwieogaseyo? Where are you running to?

ttwieonada 뛰어나다 ADJECTIVE = outstanding, good (SYN. 탁월하다)

그 사람은 유머 감각이 뛰어나요. Geu sarameun yumeo gamgagi ttwieonayo. He has a good sense of humor.

ttwieonaerida 뛰어내리다 [뛰어 run (from 뛰 다) + 내리다 get off] VERB = jump off

그 사람은 6층에서 뛰어내려 자살했다. Geu sarameun yuk cheungeseo ttwieonaeryeo jasalhaettta. He committed suicide by jumping from the sixth floor.

ttwieonagada 뛰어나가다 [뛰어 run (from 뛰 다) + 나가다 go out] VERB = run out

그는 화가 나서 사무실 밖으로 뛰어나갔다. Geuneun hwaga naseo samusil bakkeuro ttwieonagattta. He stormed out of the office in anger.

ttwieonaoda 뛰어나오다 [뛰어 run (from 뛰 다) + 나오다 come out] VERB = run out

사람들은 땅이 흔들리는 것을 느끼고 건물 밖으로 뛰어나왔다. Saramdeureun ttangi heundeullineun geoseul neukkigo geonmul bakkeuro ttwieonawattta. People ran out of the building, feeling the earth shaking.

ttwieoneomtta 뛰어넘다 /뛰어넘따/ [뛰어 run (from 뛰다) + 넘다 pass] VERB = jump over, surpass

예상을 뛰어넘어 우리 팀이 승리했다. Yesangeul ttwieoneomeo uri timi seungnihaettta. Our team won, exceeding everyone’s expectation.

ttwieonolda 뛰어놀다 [뛰어 run (from 뛰다) + 놀다 play] VERB = romp around

시골에는 아이들이 뛰어놀 수 있는 공간이 충분히 있다. Sigoreneun aideuri ttwieonol ssu inneun gonggani chungbunhi ittta. In the countryside, there is enough space for children to run and play.

ttwieooda 뛰어오다 [뛰어 run (from 뛰다) + 오다 come] VERB = come running

집에서 여기까지 계속 뛰어왔어요. Jibeseo yeogikkaji gyesok ttwieowasseoyo. I ran all the way from home.

ttwinolda 뛰놀다 = 뛰어놀다 ttwieonolda

tuja(hada) 투자(하다) [投 cast + 資 property → putting money to enlarge one’s property] I NOUN = investment II VERB = make an investment

그 사람은 주식에 투자했다가 전 재산을 날렸다. Geu sarameun jusige tujahaetttaga jeon jaesaneul nallyeottta. He threw away all of his money by investing in stocks.

tumyeonghada 투명하다 [透 pass through + 明 clear + 하다 adjectival suffix → of being able to see and pass through clearly] ADJECTIVE = transparent, clear

물이 어찌나 투명한지 바닥이 다 보여요. Muri eojjina tumyeonghanji badagi da boyeoyo. The water is so clear that I can see the bottom.

tupyo(hada) 투표(하다) [投 cast + 票 ticket → an enactment by expressing one’s idea with ticket] I NOUN = vote, ballot II VERB = vote

누구한테 투표할 생각이세요? Nuguhante tupyohal ssaenggagiseyo? Who are you going to vote for?

twida 튀다 VERB

1 = spatter, splash

조심해! 기름이 튀잖아! Josimhae! Gireumi twijana! Be careful! The oil is splattering!

2 = bounce

공이 잘 안 튀어요. Gongi jal an twieoyo. The ball doesn’t bounce well.

twieonaoda 튀어나오다 VERB

1 = stick out, protrude

저는 아내의 튀어나온 이마가 좋아요. Jeoneun anaee twieonao nimaga joayo. I like my wife’s protruding forehead.

2 = pop out

아이가 골목길에서 튀어나와서 사고가 날 뻔했어요. Aiga golmokkkireseo twieonawaseo sagoga nal ppeonhaesseoyo. A kid ran out of an alley and I almost had an accident.

twigida 튀기다¹ VERB = fry

생선을 튀기다 saengseoneul twigida fry fish

twigida 튀기다² [튀다 splash; bounce + 기 causative suffix] VERB

1 = splash, spatter

물 튀기지 않게 조심하세요. Mul twigiji anke josimhaseyo. Be careful not to splash the water.

2 = bounce

아이들은 대개 공 튀기는 걸 좋아해요. Aideureun daegae gong twigineun geol joahaeyo. Children usually like to bounce balls.

twigim 튀김 [튀기 fry (from 튀기다) + ㅁ nominal suffix] NOUN = fried food

너 그 감자 튀김 다 먹을 거야? Neo geu gamja twigim da meogeul kkeoya? Are you going to eat all the French fries?

U

uahada 우아하다 [優 excellent + 雅 elegant + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = elegant

집을 아주 우아하게 잘 꾸미셨네요. Jibeul aju uahage jal kkumisyeonneyo. Your decoration of the house is very elegant.

*ucheguk 우체국 [郵 mail + 遞 delivery + 局 office → office of mail delivery] NOUN = post office

우체국은 커피숍 가는 길에 있어. Uchegugeun keopisyop ganeun gire isseo. The post office is on the way to the coffee shop.

uchetong 우체통 [郵 mail + 遞 delivery + 筒 case] NOUN = a post, postbox

서울 시내의 우체통 수가 점점 줄어들고 있다. Seoul sinaee uchetong suga jeomjeom jureodeulgo ittta. The number of postboxes in Seoul city is decreasing.

uido(hada) 의도(하다) [意 intention + 圖 draw] I NOUN = intention II VERB = intend, aim

화나게 할 의도는 아니었어요. Hwanage ha ruidoneun anieosseoyo. I didn’t mean to upset you.

uigyeon 의견 [意 thought + 見 see] NOUN = opinion (SYN. 견해, 생각)

다른 의견 있는 분 계세요? Dareu nuigyeon inneun bun gyeseyo? Are there any different opinions?

uihada 의하다 [依 depend on + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = be due to, according to, by

의사 말에 의하면 저는 운동 부족이래요. Uisa mare uihamyeon jeoneun undong bujogiraeyo. According to my doctor, I lack exercise.

그 병은 모기에 의해 발생한다. Geu byeongeun mogie uihae balssaenghanda. The disease is caused by mosquitoes.

NOTE: 의하다 is usually used as - 에 의한, - 에 의하면, and - 에 의해.

uihak 의학 [醫 doctor + 學 study] NOUN = medicine, medical science

감기는 현대 의학으로 고칠 수가 없다. Gamgineun hyeondae uihageuro gochil ssuga eoptta. Modern medicine has no cure for flu.

*uija 의자 [椅 chair + 子 thing] NOUN = chair

이 의자 좀 치워 주실래요? I uija jom chiwo jusillaeyo? Could you take this chair away?

uiji 의지¹ [意 intention + 志 will] NOUN = will, volition

남편은 의지가 강한 사람이에요. Nampyeoneun uijiga ganghan saramieyo. My husband is a strong-willed person.

uiji(hada) 의지²(하다) [依 depend on + 支 pay] I NOUN = dependence, reliance II VERB = depend on, lean on (SYN. 기대다)

힘들 때 의지할 사람이 없어서 외로워요. Himdeul ttae uijihal ssarami eopsseoseo oerowoyo. I feel alone because I have no one to lean on in times of trouble.

uijon(hada) 의존(하다) [依 depend on + 存 exist] I NOUN = dependence, reliance (SYN. 의지²)

II VERB = depend on (SYN. 의지하다)

한국 경제는 옛날부터 수출에 의존해 왔어요. Hanguk kkyeongjeneun yennalbuteo suchure uijonhae wasseoyo. The Korean economy has depended on exports for a long time.

uimi(hada) 의미(하다) [意 intention + 味 meaning] I NOUN = meaning (SYN. 뜻) II VERB = mean (SYN. 뜻하다)

이 표시는 무슨 의미예요? I pyosineun museu nuimiyeyo? What does this sign mean?

uimu 의무 [義 right + 務 exert] NOUN = obligation, duty, responsibility (SYN. 책임)

우리는 모두 법을 지킬 의무가 있다. Urineun modu beobeul jiki ruimuga ittta. We all have a responsibility to obey the law.

uimun 의문 [疑 doubt + 問 ask] NOUN = doubt, question

오랜 시간이 지났지만 한 가지 의문이 남아 있어요. Oraen sigani jinatjjiman han gaji uimuni nama isseoyo. Though a long time has passed, a question remains.

uinon(hada) 의논(하다) [議 discuss + 論 argue] I NOUN = discussion, consultation II VERB = discuss, consult

너하고 의논할 게 있어서 왔어. Neohago uinonhal kke isseoseo wasseo. I came to discuss something with you.

uioe 의외 [意 thought + 外 outside] ADVERB = unexpectedly (SYN. 뜻밖)

시험이 의외로 쉬웠어요. Siheomi uioero swiwosseoyo. The test was surprisingly easy.

NOTE: 의외 is often used as 의외로. It can be replaced by 뜻밖에.

uiryu 의류 [衣 clothes + 類 class] NOUN = clothing, clothes

남성 의류는 3층에 있어요. Namseong uiryuneun sam cheunge isseoyo. Men’s clothing is on the third floor.

*uisa 의사¹ [醫 doctor + 師 skilled person] NOUN = doctor

의사 선생님, 문제가 뭔가요? Uisa seonsaengnim, munjega mwongayo? Doctor, what seems to be the problem?

uisa 의사² [意 intention + 思 idea] NOUN = mind, idea

저는 아직 결혼할 의사가 없어요. Jeoneu najik gyeolhonha ruisaga eopsseoyo. I don’t have any intention to get married yet.

uisasotong 의사소통 [意 intention + 思 idea + 疏 open + 通 go through] NOUN = communication

아내는 미국인이지만 우리는 의사소통에 전혀 문제가 없습니다. Anaeneun miguginijiman urineun uisasotonge jeonhyeo munjega eopsseumnida. My wife is American, but she and I have no problem communicating with each other.

uisik(ada) 의식(하다) [意 thought + 識 know → a thought in mind when one knows something] I NOUN = consciousness II VERB = be conscious

할머니는 수술 후에 바로 의식을 회복하셨어요. Halmeonineun susul hue baro uisigeul hoebokasyeosseoyo. My grandmother came around soon after the surgery.

여자들은 남자들보다 남의 눈을 의식하는 것 같아요. Yeojadeureun namjadeulboda name nuneul uisikaneun geot gatayo. I think women are more self-conscious than men are.

uisim(hada) 의심(하다) [疑 doubt + 心 heart] I NOUN = doubt II VERB = doubt

지금 날 의심하는 거야? Jigeum na ruisimhaneun geoya? Don’t you believe me?

uiyok 의욕 [意 thought + 欲 desire] NOUN = will, desire, drive

그 사람은 아내와 헤어진 후 삶의 의욕을 잃어버린 것 같아요. Geu sarameun anaewa heeojin hu salme uiyogeul ireobeorin geot gatayo. He seems to have lost the will to live after having broken up with his wife.

ujeong 우정 [友 friend + 情 affection] NOUN = friendship

한 여자 때문에 우리 둘의 우정에 금이 갔다. Han nyeoja ttaemune uri dure ujeonge geumi gattta. Our friendship was damaged because of a girl.

uju 우주 [宇 space + 宙 eternity] NOUN = space, the universe

우주 여행은 더 이상 꿈이 아니다. Uju yeohaengeun deo isang kkumi anida. Space travel is not a dream any more.

*ulda 울다 VERB = cry, weep (ANT. 웃다)

왜 아무것도 아닌 일로 울어? Wae amugeottto ani nillo ureo? Why are you crying over nothing?

ullida 울리다 VERB = sound, ring

여기에 도착하면 벨을 울려 주세요. Yeogie dochakamyeon bereul ullyeo juseyo. Ring the bell when you get here.

umjigida 움직이다 /움지기다/ VERB

1 = move (vt.)

팔을 움직여 보세요. Pareul umjigyeo boseyo. Move your arms.

2 = move (vi.)

움직이지 마. Umjigiji ma. Don’t move.

umjigim 움직임 /움지김/ [움직이 move (from

움직이다) + ㅁ nominal suffix] NOUN = movement, motion

당신이 눈을 움직이면 카메라가 그 움직임을 따라갈 겁니다. Dangsini nuneul umjigimyeon kameraga geu umjigimeul ttaragal kkeomnida. When you move your eyes, the camera will follow their movement.

un 운 [運 fortune] NOUN = luck, fortune (SYN. 재수)

운이 참 좋으시네요. Uni cham joeusineyo. You’re so lucky.

unban(hada) 운반(하다) [運 move + 搬 move] I NOUN = transportation, conveyance II VERB = transport (SYN. 나르다)

깨지기 쉬우니까 조심해서 운반해 주세요. Kkaejigi swiunikka josimhaeseo unbanhae juseyo. It’s fragile. Please be careful when you move it.

*undong(hada) 운동(하다) [運 move + 動 move] I NOUN = exercise, workout II VERB = exercise

너는 운동을 좀 해야 해. Neoneu nundongeul jom haeya hae. You ought to get a little exercise.

*undonghwa 운동화 [運 move + 動 move + 靴 shoes] NOUN = sneakers, running shoes

이 운동화는 등산할 때도 신을 수 있습니다. I undonghwaneun deungsanhal ttaedo sineul ssu itsseumnida. You can wear these sneakers when you go hiking, too.

*undongjang 운동장 [運 move + 動 move + 場 place] NOUN = playground

운동장에는 아무도 없어요. Undongjangeneun amudo eopsseoyo. There is nobody on the playground.

*unjeon(hada) 운전(하다) [運 move + 轉 roll] I NOUN = driving II VERB = drive

운전을 오래 했더니 좀 피곤하네요. Unjeoneul orae haettteoni jom pigonhaneyo. I am a bit tired after driving for so long.

unjeongisa 운전기사 = 기사² 1 gisa

unjeonja 운전자 [運 move + 轉 roll + 者 person] NOUN = driver

양쪽 운전자 모두 사고에 책임이 있었다. Yangjjo gunjeonja modu sagoe chaegimi isseottta. Both drivers were to blame for the accident.

NOTE: 운전자 refers to a driver 사, while 운전 사, 기사, and 운전기사 means a person who makes a living by driving.

unjeonsa 운전사 = 기사² 1 gisa

unmyeong 운명 [運 fortune + 命 life] NOUN = fate

제가 남편과 만난 것은 운명이었어요. Jega nampyeongwa mannan geoseun unmyeongieosseoyo. It was destiny that I met my husband.

unyeong(hada) 운영(하다) /우녕(하다)/ [運 move + 營 manage] I NOUN = management, operation II VERB = manage, run, operate

저는 조그만 회사를 운영하고 있습니다. Jeoneun jogeuman hoesareul unyeonghago itsseumnida. I run a small company.

upyeon 우편 [郵 mail + 便 comfortable] NOUN = mail

전화나 우편으로 결과를 알려 드리겠습니다. Jeonhwana upyeoneuro gyeolgwareul allyeo deurigetsseumnida. I’ll notify you the result by phone or by letter.

upyeonbeonho 우편번호 [郵 mail + 便 comfortable + 番 number + 號 number] NOUN = zip code

아, 우편번호 적는 걸 깜빡했어. A, upyeonbeonho jeongneun geol kkamppakaesseo. Ah, I forgot to write down the zip code.

upyeonham 우편함 [郵 mail + 便 comfortable + box] NOUN = mailbox

우편함에는 아무것도 없어요. Upyeonhameneun amugeottto eopsseoyo. There’s nothing in the mailbox.

upyo 우표 [郵 mail + 票 ticket → a ticket you need when you send a mail] NOUN = postage stamp

우표를 여기에 붙이시오. Upyoreul yeogie buchisio. Place postage here.

우표는 어디서 살 수 있죠? Upyoneun eodiseo sal ssu itjjyo? Where can I buy stamps?

ureum 울음 /우름/ [울 cry (from 울다) + 음 nominal suffix] NOUN = crying, weeping (ANT. 웃음)

아기가 울음을 안 그쳐요. Agiga ureumeul an geucheoyo. The baby won’t stop crying.

*uri 우리 PRONOUN = we

우리 집 찾는 데 힘들지는 않았니? Uri jip channeun de himdeuljineun ananni? Did you have any difficulties finding my house?

NOTE: 우리 can modify the following noun without the particle - 의. In Korean 우리 is often preferred over 나: 우리나라 (my country), 우 리 집 (my house), 우리 학교 (my school), and even 우리 남편 (my husband).

urimal 우리말 [우리 we + 말 language] NOUN = our language

우리말을 아끼고 사랑합시다. Urimareul akkigo saranghapssida. Let us cherish and love our language.

*urinara 우리나라 [우리 we + 나라 country] NOUN = my country

우리나라에서는 태어나면 바로 한 살이에요. Urinaraeseoneun taeeonamyeon baro han sarieyo. In Korea, you turn one year old the moment you are born.

*usan 우산 [雨 rain + 傘 umbrella] NOUN = umbrella

오늘 학교에 우산 가지고 왔니? Oneul hakkkyoe usan gajigo wanni? Did you bring your umbrella to school today?

useon 우선 [于 do + 先 first] ADVERB = first (of all)

우선 경찰에 신고부터 하자. Useon gyeongchare singobuteo haja. We have to call the police first.

useum 웃음 /우슴/ [웃 laugh (from 웃다) + 음 nominal suffix] NOUN = smile, laughter (ANT. 울음)

그 애의 웃긴 표정을 보고 웃음을 참을 수가 없었어요. Geu aee utkkin pyojeongeul bogo useumeul chameul ssuga eopsseosseoyo. I couldn’t help myself from laughing to see his humorous facial expressions.

useung(hada) 우승(하다) [優 excellent + 勝 win] I NOUN = victory, title, championship II VERB = win the championship

이제 다음 문제를 맞히시면, 우승하시게 됩니다. Ije daeum munjereul machisimyeon, useunghasige doemnida. Now if you get the next question right, you’ll win the championship.

useuptta 우습다 /우습따/ ADJECTIVE

1 = funny (SYN. 웃기다 2)

뭐가 그렇게 우습니? Mwoga geureoke useumni? What’s so funny?

2 = easy to deal with

내가 그렇게 우스워 보여? Naega geureoke useuwo boyeo? Do I look that easy to you?

usuhada 우수하다 [優 excellent + 秀 outstanding + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = excellent, superb

이 학생은 제가 가르친 중에서 가장 우수한 학생입니다. I hakssaengeun jega gareuchin jungeseo gajang usuhan hakssaengimnida. She is the best student I’ve ever taught.

utkkida 웃기다 /욷끼다/ [웃다 laugh + 기 causative suffix] I VERB = make sb laugh

저는 사람들을 웃기는 게 좋아요. Jeoneun saramdeureul utkkineun ge joayo. I like to make others laugh.

II VERB, ADJECTIVE = (be) funny, (be) humorous

그 영화는 웃기면서 동시에 감동적이다. Geu yeonghwaneun utkkimyeonseo dongsie gamdongjeogida. The movie is at once humorous and touching.

*uttta 웃다 /욷따/ VERB = laugh, smile (ANT. 울다)

이건 웃을 일이 아니야. Igeon useul riri aniya. This is no laughing matter.

uulhada 우울하다 [憂 anxious + 鬱 depressed + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = gloomy, depressed

크리스마스를 혼자 보내는 건 참 우울한 일이야. Keuriseumaseureul honja bonaeneun geon cham uulhan niriya. It’s so depressing spending Christmas alone.

uyeon 우연 [偶 chance + 然 so] NOUN = coincidence, chance, accident

우리가 대전에서 다시 만난 건 정말 우연이었어요. Uriga daejeoneseo dasi mannan geon jeongmal uyeonieosseoyo. It was pure chance that we met again in Daejeon.

uyeonhi 우연히 [偶 chance + 然 so + 히 adverbial suffix] ADVERB = by accident, by chance

어제 길에서 우연히 고등학교 때 담임 선생님을 만났어요. Eoje gireseo uyeonhi godeunghakkkyo ttae damim seonsaengnimeul mannasseoyo. I ran into my old high school homeroom teacher on the street by chance.

*uyu 우유 [牛 cattle + 乳 milk] NOUN = milk

우유 한 잔 주세요. Uyu han jan juseyo. Give me a glass of milk.