S
*sa 사 [四 four] NUMERAL = four
그 사람은 사 개 국어를 할 줄 알아요. Geu sarameun sa gae gugeoreul hal jul arayo. He can speak four languages.
sabang 사방 [四 four + 方 direction] NOUN = all directions
국물이 사방으로 튀었어요. Gungmuri sabangeuro twieosseoyo. The soup splashed about everywhere.
sachon 사촌 [四 four + 寸 degree of kinship] NOUN = cousin
저 중에 누가 네 사촌이야? Jeo junge nuga ne sachoniya? Which one of them is your cousin?
sachungi 사춘기 [思 think + 春 spring + 期 time → the spring time of one’s life when one just starts to think about life] NOUN = adolescence, puberty
우리 딸이 요즘 사춘기인 것 같아요. Uri ttari yojeum sachungiin geot gatayo. My daughter seems to have reached puberty.
*sada 사다 VERB = buy (SYN. 구입하다; ANT. 팔다)
뭐 샀니? Mwo sanni? What did you buy?
오늘 저녁은 제가 살게요. Oneul jeonyeogeun jega salgeyo. Dinner is on me tonight.
*sae 새1 NOUN = bird
날지 못하는 새도 있다. Nalji motaneun saedo ittta. Some birds cannot fly.
*sae 새2 DETERMINER = new
새 차가 마음에 드니? Sae chaga maeume deuni? Are you pleased with your new car?
sae 새3 = shortened form of 사이 sai
saebyeok 새벽 NOUN = dawn, daybreak
새벽 두 시까지 잠을 못 잤어요. Saebyeok du sikkaji jameul mot jjasseoyo. I didn’t get to sleep until two in the morning.
saeda 새다1 VERB = leak
물이 새서 부엌 바닥이 온통 물이에요. Muri saeseo bueok ppadagi ontong murieyo. Water has leaked all over the kitchen floor.
saeda 새다2 VERB = dawn, break
날이 새기 전에 끝내야 해. Nari saegi jeone kkeunnaeya hae. I have to finish it before dawn.
saegeo 새거 = colloquial word of 새것 saegeot
saegeot 새것 /새걷/ [새 new + 것 thing] NOUN = new one, new thing
새것 사 줄게. Saegeot sa julkke. Let me get you a new one.
saegida 새기다 VERB = carve, engrave
관광객들은 자신의 이름을 돌에 새겼다. Gwangwanggaektteureun jasine ireumeul dore saegyeottta. Tourist carved their names on the stone.
saehae 새해 [새 new + 해 year] NOUN = new year, the New Year
새해 복 많이 받으세요! Saehae bok mani badeuseyo! Happy New Year!
*saek 색 [色 color] NOUN = color (SYN. 색깔, 빛깔)
이 두 색 중에 어느 게 나아? I du saek junge eoneu ge naa? Which of these two colors is better?
saekki 새끼 NOUN = baby, young
어제 우리 집 개가 새끼를 낳았어. Eoje uri jip gaega saekkireul naasseo. My dog had puppies yesterday.
NOTE: Don’t use 새끼 to refer to people. It will likely cause a big fight!
*saekkkal 색깔 [色 color + 깔] NOUN = color (SYN. 색, 빛깔)
이 색깔이 맘에 안 들어요. I saekkkari mame an deureoyo. I don’t like this color.
saekttareuda 색다르다 /색따르다/ [色 color + 다르다 different] ADJECTIVE = unusual, unconventional
오늘은 좀 색다른 거 먹어 볼까? Oneureun jom saekttareun geo meogeo bolkka? Why don’t we try a new dish today?
*saendeuwichi 샌드위치 [from English sandwich] NOUN = sandwich
저는 보통 점심 때 샌드위치를 먹어요. Jeoneun botong jeomsim ttae saendeuwichireul meogeoyo. I usually have a sandwich for lunch.
saengbangsong 생방송 [生 live + 放 release + 送 send] NOUN = live broadcast
저거 생방송인가요? Jeogeo saengbangsongingayo? Is that a live broadcast?
*saenggak(ada) 생각(하다) I NOUN = thought, thinking II VERB = think
잘못한 게 없다고 생각하는 거니? Jalmotan ge eopttago saenggakaneun geoni? Do you think you’ve done nothing wrong?
saenggakttoeda 생각되다 /생각뙤다/ [생각 thinking + 되다 become] VERB = be thought
회의는 한 시간 안에 끝날 것으로 생각됩니다. Hoeineun han sigan ane kkeunnal kkeoseuro saenggakttoemnida. I think the meeting will be over within an hour.
saenggangnada 생각나다 /생강나다/ [생각 thought + 나다 occur] VERB = come to mind (SYN. 떠오르다 2, 기억나다)
좋은 아이디어가 생각났어요. Joeun aidieoga saenggangnasseoyo. A good idea occurred to me.
*saenggida 생기다1 VERB = look like
그 애는 어떻게 생겼어? Geu aeneun eotteoke saenggyeosseo? What does he look like?
*saenggida 생기다2 VERB = happen, occur, be formed (SYN. 발생하다, 일어나다 2)
문제가 생기면 알려 주세요. Munjega saenggimyeon allyeo juseyo. Let me know if there’s a problem.
돈이 생기면 갚을게요. Doni saenggimyeon gapeulkkeyo. I’ll pay you back when I get the money.
saenggyeonada 생겨나다 VERB = originate
그 병은 아프리카에서 생겨났어요. Geu byeongeun apeurikaeseo saenggyeonasseoyo. The disease originated in Africa.
*saenghwal(hada) 생활(하다) [生 live + 活 move] I NOUN = life II VERB = live
저는 현재의 제 생활에 만족해요. Jeoneun hyeonjaee je saenghware manjokaeyo. I’m satisfied with my present life.
saenghwalbi 생활비 [生 live + 活 move + 費 expend] NOUN = living expenses
보통 한 달 생활비가 얼마나 들어? Botong han dal ssaenghwalbiga eolmana deureo? What are your average monthly living expenses?
saenghwalhwangyeong 생활환경 [生 live + 活 move + 環 surround + 境 area] NOUN = living condition
이곳의 생활환경은 엉망이야. Igose saenghwalhwangyeongeun eongmangiya. The living conditions here are really poor.
*saengil 생일 [生 born + 日 day → the day you were born] NOUN = birthday
아빠 생일 선물을 찾고 있어요. Appa saengil seonmureul chatkko isseoyo. I’m looking for a birthday gift for my dad.
saengmul 생물 [生 life + 物 thing] NOUN
1 = living things, life
물이 없으면 생물이 살 수 없어요. Muri eopsseumyeon saengmuri sal ssu eopsseoyo. No life would exist without water.
2 = biology
생물 책을 잃어버렸어. Saengmul chaegeul ireobeoryeosseo. I’ve lost my biology book.
saengmyeong 생명 [生 life + 命 life] NOUN = life
벌레 한 마리의 생명도 소중히 여겨야 해. Beolle han marie saengmyeongdo sojunghi yeogyeoya hae. We should value even a tiny insect’s life.
saengsan(hada) 생산(하다) [生 born + 産 produce] I NOUN = production (ANT. 소비) II VERB = produce (ANT. 소비하다)
우리는 생산 비용을 크게 줄이지 않으면 안 됩니다. Urineun saengsan biyongeul keuge juriji aneumyeon an doemnida. It is essential that we cut production cost significantly.
saengsanja 생산자 [生 born + 産 produce + 者 person] NOUN = producer (ANT. 소비자)
어떻게 하면 소비자와 생산자 둘 다 만족할 수 있을까? Eotteoke hamyeon sobijawa saengsanja dul da manjokal ssu isseulkka? What is the way to satisfy both the consumer and the producer?
*saengseon 생선 [生 live + 鮮 fish] NOUN = fish (SYN. 물고기)
생선은 이제 지겨워요. Saengseoneun ije jigyeowoyo. I’m sick and tired of fish now.
NOTE: 물고기 is usually used in the context of species, while 생선 is mostly used in the context of cooked food.
생선은(O)/물고기는(X) 생선은(O)/물고기는(X) 이제 지겨워요.
생선은(X)/물고기는(O) 생선은(X)/물고기는(O) 물을 떠나 살 수 없어요. Mulkkogineun mureul tteona sal ssu eopsseoyo. A fish can’t live out of the water.
saengsin 생신 [生 born + 辰 day → the day you were born] NOUN = birthday (honorific of 생일)
생신을 축하드려요, 엄마. Saengsineul chukadeuryeoyo, eomma. Happy birthday, Mom.
saeop 사업 [事 work + 業 business] NOUN = business, enterprise
제 사업을 하고 싶어요. Je saeobeul hago sipeoyo. I’d like to run my own business.
saero 새로 ADVERB = newly
새로 나온 그 영화 되게 보고 싶어. Saero naon geu yeonghwa doege bogo sipeo. I’m dying to see that new movie.
saeroi 새로이 = 새로 saero
saeroptta 새롭다 /새롭따/ ADJECTIVE = new, fresh
새로운 일자리를 찾아봐야 할 것 같아. Saeroun niljjarireul chajabwaya hal kkeot gata. I think I should look for a new job.
saeu 새우 NOUN = shrimp
이 집 새우 요리는 내가 먹어 본 것 중에서 최고야. I jip saeu yorineun naega meogeo bon geot jungeseo choegoya. The shrimp dish at this restaurant is the best I’ve ever had.
saeuda 새우다 VERB = stay up (all night)
숙제 때문에 밤을 새워서 피곤해 죽겠어. Sukjje ttaemune bameul saewoseo pigonhae jukkkesseo. I stayed up all night doing my homework so I’m dead tired.
sageori 사거리 [사 four + 거리 road] NOUN = crossroads, four-way stop
다음 사거리에서 곧장 가세요. Daeum sageorieseo gotjjang gaseyo. Go straight at the next intersection.
sagi 사기 [詐 swindle + 欺 deceive] NOUN = fraud, swindle
그 사람은 사기를 당해서 전 재산을 잃었다고 들었어요. Geu sarameun sagireul danghaeseo jeon jaesaneul ireotttago deureosseoyo. I heard that he had been swindled out of his whole fortune.
sago 사고1 [事 work + 故 incident] NOUN = accident
미안해요. 자동차 사고가 났었어요. Mianhaeyo. Jadongcha sagoga nasseosseoyo. Sorry, I was in a car accident.
sago(hada) 사고2(하다) [思 think + 考 think] I NOUN = thinking, thought II VERB = think
우리는 창의적 사고를 하는 사람을 찾고 있습니다. Urineun changijeok sagoreul haneun sarameul chatkko itsseumnida. We’re looking for people who think creatively.
*sagwa 사과1 [沙 sand + 果 fruit] NOUN = apple
사과 좀 먹을래? 정말 맛있어. Sagwa jom meogeullae? Jeongmal madisseo. Would you like some apples? They’re really good.
sagwa(hada) 사과2(하다) [謝 apologize + 過 fault] I NOUN = apology II VERB = apologize
사과할 필요 없어요. Sagwahal piryo eopsseoyo. There is no need for you to apologize.
sagwida 사귀다 VERB = date, go out
너랑 소영이랑 사귄다는 게 사실이야? Neorang soyeongirang sagwindaneun ge sasiriya? Is it true that you and Soyoung are going out?
sagyejeol 사계절 [四 four + 季 season + 節 season] NOUN = four seasons
한국은 과거에는 지금보다 사계절이 뚜렷했어요. Hangugeun gwageoeneun jigeumboda sagyejeori tturyeotaesseoyo. In the past, four seasons in Korea were more distinct than they are now.
saheul 사흘 NOUN = three days
사흘 전에 여기서 이 책을 샀는데요. Saheul jeone yeogiseo i chaegeul sanneundeyo. I bought this book here three days ago.
IDIOM
saheuri meolda hago 사흘이 멀다 하고 = very often
신랑은 사흘이 멀다 하고 술을 마셔요. Sillangeun saheuri meolda hago sureul masyeoyo. My husband drinks very often.
sahoe 사회 [社 gather + 會 meet → a place where various people meet and gather] NOUN = society
가족은 사회의 가장 작은 구성 단위다. Gajogeun sahoee gajang jageun guseong danwida. Family is the smallest unit of society.
sahoehak 사회학 [社 gather + 會 meet + 學 study] NOUN = sociology
저는 대학에서 사회학을 가르치고 있어요. Jeoneun daehageseo sahoehageul gareuchigo isseoyo. I give sociology lectures in college.
sahoejeok 사회적 [社 gather + 會 meet + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = social
기업의 사회적 책임이 정확히 뭐지? Gieobe sahoejeok chaegimi jeonghwaki mwoji? What exactly is corporate social responsibility?
sahoejui 사회주의 /사회주이/ [社 gather + 會 meet + 主 host + 義 righteousness] NOUN = socialism
북한은 아직도 사회주의를 유지하고 있다. Bukaneun ajiktto sahoejuireul yujihago ittta. North Korea still maintains socialism.
*sai 사이 NOUN
1 = gap, space
피아노하고 TV 사이를 찾아 봐. Pianohago tibeui saireul chaja bwa. Look between the piano and the TV.
2 = interval, space (SYN. 동안1)
제가 외출한 사이에 전화 온 데 있어요? Jega oechulhan saie jeonhwa on de isseoyo? Did anybody call while I was out?
3 = relationship
너희 둘 사이에 무슨 일 있었어? Neohi dul ssaie museun il isseosseo? Did something happen between the two of you?
saida 사이다 [from English cider] NOUN = lemon-lime soda
사이다 한 잔 더 갖다 주시겠어요? Saida han jan deo gattta jusigesseoyo? May I have another soda, please?
NOTE: 사이다 is from cider, but it refers to lemon-lime soda such as Sprite.
saijota 사이좋다 /사이조타/ [사이 relationship + 좋다 good] ADJECTIVE = on good terms
저는 이웃들과 사이좋게 지냅니다. Jeoneun iuttteulgwa saijoke jinaemnida. I get along well with my neighbors.
sain(hada) 사인(하다) [from English sign] I NOUN = signature (SYN. 서명); VERB = sign (SYN. 서명하다)
이 서류에 사인해 주세요. I seoryue sainhae juseyo. Sign this paper, please.
II NOUN = autograph; VERB = autograph
선생님이 쓰신 책에 사인 좀 해 주세요. Seonsaengnimi sseusin chaege sain jom hae juseyo. Will you please autograph your book for me?
saja 사자 [獅 lion + 子 thing] NOUN = lion
사자는 동물의 왕이다. Sajaneun dongmure wangida. Lion is the king of all animals.
*sajang 사장 [社 company + 長 chief → the chief of a company] NOUN = president, CEO
사장님이 찾고 계세요. Sajangnimi chatkko gyeseyo. The CEO is asking for you.
*sajeon 사전1 [辭 word + 典 book → a book that lists words of a language] NOUN = dictionary
사전 찾아 봐. Sajeon chaja bwa. Look it up in the dictionary.
sajeon 사전2 [事 work + 前 before] NOUN = beforehand
사전에 허락을 얻었나요? Sajeone heorageul eodeonnayo? Did you get permission beforehand?
sajeong 사정 [事 work + 情 meaning] NOUN = circumstances, situation, story
사정이 있어서 못 갔어요. Sajeongi isseoseo mot kkasseoyo. I couldn’t go there because I had something to take care of.
*sajin 사진 [寫 copy + 眞 true → a copy of what you truly see] NOUN = picture, photo
저희 사진 좀 찍어 주시겠어요? Jeohi sajin jom jjigeo jusigesseoyo? Could you please take a picture of us?
sajingi 사진기 [寫 copy + 眞 true + 機 machine] NOUN = camera (SYN. 카메라)
일회용 사진기를 찾고 있어요. Ilhoeyong sajingireul chatkko isseoyo. I’m looking for a disposable camera.
sakkeon 사건 /사껀/ [事 work + 件 thing] NOUN = incident, affair, accident
그 사건 때문에 제 삶은 완전히 바뀌었어요. Geu sakkeon ttaemune je salmeun wanjeonhi bakkwieosseoyo. The incident has completely transformed my life.
NOTE: Be careful of the pronunciation of 사건.
sal 살1 NOUN = flesh, fat
저는 물만 먹어도 살이 쪄요. Jeoneun mulman meogeodo sari jjyeoyo. I gain weight just by drinking water.
*sal 살2 DEPENDENT NOUN = age, years (unit of counting sb’s age)
너 몇 살이니? Neo myeot ssarini? How old are you?
NOTE: 살 and 세 are the same in their meaning. But put pure Korean numerals— 한, 두, 세, 네, 다섯,… before 살 and sino-Korean numerals— 일, 이, 삼, 사, 오 …before 세. 세 is usually used in a formal situation.
*salda 살다 VERB = live (ANT. 죽다1)
여기서 산 지 얼마나 되셨어요? Yeogiseo san ji eolmana doesyeosseoyo? How long have you been living here?
saljjak 살짝 ADVERB
1 = slightly
그는 화가 나서 목소리가 살짝 떨렸다. Geuneun hwaga naseo mokssoriga saljjak tteollyeottta. His voice quivered slightly with anger.
2 = secretly
그녀는 전화번호가 적힌 종이를 살짝 건네주었다. Geunyeoneun jeonhwabeonhoga jeokin jongireul saljjak kkeonnejueottta. She secretly gave me her number on a slip of paper.
sallida 살리다 [살다 live + 리 causative suffix] VERB = save (SYN. 구하다2; ANT. 죽이다)
의사들은 누나를 살리려고 최선을 다했지만 소용이 없었다. Uisadeureun nunareul salliryeogo choeseoneul dahaetjjiman soyongi eopsseottta. Doctors did their best to keep my sister alive but to no avail.
sallim(hada) 살림(하다) I NOUN = housekeeping
II VERB = run a household
엄마는 집에서 살림을 하세요. Eommaneun jibeseo sallimeul haseyo. My mom stays home and manages the household.
salpida 살피다 VERB = check, look (around)
길을 건너기 전에 주위를 잘 살펴라. Gireul geonneogi jeone juwireul jal salpyeora. Look around carefully before you cross the street.
salpyeoboda 살펴보다 [살펴 check (from 살피 다) + 보다 try] VERB = examine, search, check
내가 차 안을 살펴볼게. Naega cha aneul salpyeobolkke. I’ll go check in the car.
sam 삶 /삼/ NOUN = life (SYN. 인생)
저는 평범한 삶을 살고 싶어요. Jeoneun pyeongbeomhan salmeul salgo sipeoyo. I want a normal life.
*sam 삼 [三 three] NUMERAL = three
지난 삼 일간 아무것도 안 먹었어요. Jinan sa milgan amugeottto an meogeosseoyo. I didn’t eat anything for the last three days.
samang(hada) 사망(하다) [死 die + 亡 fail] I NOUN = death, passing (SYN. 죽음) II VERB = die (SYN. 죽다1, 숨지다)
전 대통령의 사망 소식에 전 국민이 슬픔에 잠겨 있다. Jeon daetongnyeonge samang sosige jeon gungmini seulpeume jamgyeo ittta. The whole country is full of grief at the former president’s death.
NOTE: To check out the difference among 숨지다, 죽다, and 사망하다, see the note on 숨지다 sumjida.
samchon 삼촌 [三 three + 寸 degree of kinship] NOUN = uncle
이번 주말에 시골에 계신 삼촌 댁에 가기로 했어. Ibeon jumare sigore gyesin samchon daege gagiro haesseo. I’m going to visit my uncle in the country this weekend.
samgada 삼가다 VERB = abstain, refrain
실내에서는 흡연을 삼가 주십시오. Sillaeeseoneun heubyeoneul samga jusipssio. Please refrain from smoking indoors.
samgyetang 삼계탕 [蔘 ginseng + 鷄 chicken + 湯 boil] NOUN = samgyetang
한국 사람들은 여름에 삼계탕을 즐겨 찾는다. Hanguk ssaramdeureun yeoreume samgyetangeul jeulgyeo channeunda. Koreans enjoy samgyetang in summer.
NOTE: 삼계탕 is a soup made with boiled chicken, ginseng, sweet rice, and jujube. It is a very popular dish especially during the summer because it’s viewed as energizing the weakened body during Korea’s extremely hot weather.
samkida 삼키다 VERB = swallow
침을 삼킬 때 목이 아파요. Chimeul samkil ttae mogi apayo. My throat hurts when I swallow my saliva.
samonim 사모님 [師 teacher + 母 mother + 님 sir] NOUN = ma’am
사모님께서 향수를 좋아하시나요? Samonimkkeseo hyangsureul joahasinayo? Does your wife like perfume?
*samsip 삼십 [三 three + 十 ten → three times ten] NUMERAL = thirty
삼십 분 후에 다시 전화할게요. Samsip ppun hue dasi jeonhwahalkkeyo. Let me call you back in half an hour.
samtta 삶다 /삼따/ VERB = boil
감자를 적어도 5분간 삶아라. Gamjareul jeogeodo o bungan salmara. You need to boil the potatoes for at least five minutes.
samtta 삼다 /삼따/ VERB
1 = make
저를 사위로 삼아 주십시오. Jeoreul sawiro sama jusipssio. Please accept me as your son-in-law.
2 = consider
이번 일을 교훈으로 삼으세요. Ibeo nireul gyohuneuro sameuseyo. Let this be a lesson.
samul 사물 [事 work + 物 thing] NOUN = thing, object
사물의 밝은 면을 보도록 노력해라. Samure balgeun myeoneul bodorok noryeokaera. Try to look on the sunny side of things.
*samusil 사무실 [事 work + 務 exert + 室 house] NOUN = office
사무실로 안내해 드리겠습니다. Samusillo annaehae deurigetsseumnida. Let me show you into my office.
*samwol 삼월 /사뭘/ [三 three + 月 month → the third month] NOUN = March
삼월에는 아직 추워요. Samworeneun ajik chuwoyo. It’s still cold in March.
*san 산 [山 mountain] NOUN = mountain
남한에서 제일 높은 산은 한라산입니다. Namhaneseo jeil ropeun saneun hallasanimnida. The highest mountain in South Korea is Mt. Halla.
sanbuinkkwa 산부인과 /산부인꽈/ [産 give birth to + 婦 wife + 人 people + 科 department → a department of hospital where women give birth to babies] NOUN = obstetrics and gynaecology
산부인과 진찰은 받아 봤어? Sanbuinkkwa jinchareun bada bwasseo? Have you had a gynaecological examination?
*sanchaek(ada) 산책(하다) [散 scatter + 策 suggestion] I NOUN = walk, stroll II VERB = take a walk
산책하기에 좋은 날씨네요. Sanchaekagie joeun nalssineyo. It’s a nice weather for a walk.
saneop 산업 /사넙/ [産 produce + 業 business] NOUN = industry
게임 산업의 전망은 어떻습니까? Geim saneobe jeonmangeun eotteosseumnikka? What are the prospects for the game industry?
sang 상1 [床 table] NOUN = table, dining table (SYN. 밥상)
상 차리는 것 좀 도와줘. Sang charineun geot jom dowajwo. Give me a hand setting the table.
sang 상2 [賞 prize] NOUN = award, prize
아드님이 오늘 상을 받나요? Adeunimi oneul sangeul bannayo? Is your son getting an award today?
sangbangi 상반기 [上 upper + 半 half + 期 time] NOUN = the first half of the year (ANT. 하반기)
올해 상반기에 우리 회사 이익이 감소했어요. Olhae sangbangie uri hoesa iigi gamsohaesseoyo. Profits of our company decreased in the first half of this year.
sangcheo 상처 [傷 wound + 處 place → a part of your body where you were wounded] NOUN = injury, wound, scar
다른 사람에게 상처 주지 마라. Dareun saramege sangcheo juji mara. Don’t hurt others.
sangdae 상대 [相 mutual + 對 face → someone you are facing mutually] I NOUN
1 = opponent, competitor
걔는 나한테 상대가 안 돼. Gyaeneun nahante sangdaega an dwae. He’s no match for me.
2 = someone, partner
그녀는 비밀 얘기를 하기에 좋은 상대다. Geunyeoneun bimi ryaegireul hagie joeun sang-daeda. She is someone I can tell a secret to.
II DETERMINER = opposing
우리는 상대 팀을 3대 0으로 이겼다. Urineun sangdae timeul sam dae yeongeuro igyeottta. We beat the opponents three to nothing.
sangdaebang 상대방 [相 mutual + 對 face + 方 direction] NOUN = the other party, opponent
상대방이 어떻게 느낄지도 생각해 봐. Sang-daebangi eotteoke neukkiljjido saenggakae bwa. Think of how the other person would feel.
sangdaejeok 상대적 [相 mutual + 對 face + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = relative (ANT. 절대적)
그러한 경우는 상대적으로 드물다. Geureohan gyeonguneun sangdaejeogeuro deumulda. Such case is relatively rare.
sangdam(hada) 상담(하다) [相 mutual + 談 talk] I NOUN = advice, consultation II VERB = consult
전문가와 상담해 보세요. Jeonmungawa sangdamhae boseyo. You should see an expert.
sangdanghada 상당하다 [相 mutual + 當 suitable + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = considerable, sizeable
그 일은 그 사람에게 상당한 부담이 될 거예요. Geu ireun geu saramege sangdanghan budami doel kkeoyeyo. The job will be a weighty burden for him.
sangdanghi 상당히 [相 mutual + 當 suitable + 히 adverbial suffix] ADVERB = considerably, quite (SYN. 꽤)
서울은 물가가 상당히 비싼 편이에요. Seoureun mulkkaga sangdanghi bissan pyeonieyo. Living costs are very high in Seoul.
sangdangsu 상당수 [相 mutual + 當 suitable + 數 number] NOUN = considerable number
요즘 상당수의 학생들이 아르바이트를 한다. Yojeum sangdangsue hakssaengdeuri areubaiteureul handa. These days, a considerable number of students have a part-time job.
sangeop 상업 [商 commerce + 業 business] NOUN = commerce, business
뉴욕은 세계 상업의 중심지다. Nyuyogeun segye sangeobe jungsimjida. New York is a center of world commerce.
sanggeum 상금 [賞 prize + 金 money] NOUN = prize money
저는 상금으로 총 삼백만 원을 받았어요. Jeoneun sanggeumeuro chong sambaengma nwoneul badasseoyo. I picked up prize money totalling three million won.
sanggwan(hada) 상관(하다) [相 mutual + 關 relate] I NOUN = relation, connection
나이가 무슨 상관이에요? Naiga museun sanggwanieyo? What’s my age got to do with it?
II NOUN = care; VERB = care, mind
우리 일에 상관하지 마세요. Uri ire sang-gwanhaji maseyo. Don’t mind us, please.
NOTE: 상관하다 is usually followed by a negative expression.
sanggwaneopssi 상관없이 /상과넙씨/ [相 mutual + 關 relate + 없이 without] ADVERB = regardless of
배드민턴은 나이에 상관없이 누구나 할 수 있는 운동이에요. Baedeuminteoneun naie sang-gwaneopssi nuguna hal ssu inneu nundongieyo. Badminton is a sport anyone can play regardless of age.
sanggwaneoptta 상관없다 /상과넙따/ [相 mutual + 關 relate + 없다 no] ADJECTIVE
1 = have nothing to do with
나하고는 상관없는 일이에요. Nahagoneun sanggwaneomneu nirieyo. It has nothing to do with me.
2 = fine, ok, not matter
어느 쪽이든 상관없습니다. Eoneu jjogideun sanggwaneopsseumnida. Either is fine with me.
sanghada 상하다 [傷 wound + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = go bad
여름에는 음식이 빨리 상해요. Yeoreumeneun eumsigi ppalli sanghaeyo. Food goes bad quickly in the summer.
sanghwang 상황 [狀 look like + 況 situation] NOUN = situation
상황이 나아지고 있어요. Sanghwangi naajigo isseoyo. The situation has been improving.
sangja 상자 [箱 box + 子 thing] NOUN = box (SYN. 박스)
상자 안에 뭐가 들었어요? Sangja ane mwoga deureosseoyo? What’s in the box, Mom?
sangjeom 상점 [商 business + 店 shop] NOUN = store, shop (ANT. 가게)
집 근처에 상점은 많이 있어요? Jip geuncheoe sangjeomeun mani isseoyo? Are there lots of stores around your place?
sangjing(hada) 상징(하다) [象 appearance + 徵 sign] I NOUN = symbol I VERB = symbolize, stand for
빨간색은 때로는 죽음을 상징한다. Ppalgansaegeun ttaeroneun jugeumeul sangjinghanda. Red sometimes symbolizes death.
sangjingjeok 상징적 [象 appearance + 徵 sign + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = symbolic
그의 작품에서 색깔은 상징적 의미를 담고 있다. Geue jakpumeseo saekkkareun sangjingjeok uimireul damkko ittta. The colors in his work contain symbolic meanings.
sangkwaehada 상쾌하다 [爽 clear + 快 happy + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = fresh, refreshing
목욕을 하고 나면 정말 기분이 상쾌해져요. Mogyogeul hago namyeon jeongmal gibuni sang-kwaehaejeoyo. I feel really refreshed after taking a bath.
sangpum 상품 [商 commerce + 品 item] NOUN = product, goods (SYN. 제품)
이 상품 세일 중인가요? I sangpum seil jung-ingayo? Is this item on sale?
sangpyo 상표 [商 commerce + 標 mark] NOUN = trademark
가짜 상표에 주의하세요. Gajja sangpyoe juihaseyo. Beware of fake trademarks.
sangsang(hada) 상상(하다) [想 think + 像 look like → thinking that A looks like B] I NOUN = imagination II VERB = imagine
길에서 백만 원을 주웠다고 상상해 봐. Gireseo baengma nwoneul juwotttago sangsanghae bwa. Imagine that you found a million won on the street.
sangsangnyeok 상상력 /상상녁/ [想 think + 像 look like + 力 strength] NOUN = imaginative power
저는 상상력이 풍부한 편이에요. Jeoneun sangsangnyeogi pungbuhan pyeonieyo. I’m rather imaginative.
sangsik 상식 [常 always + 識 know → something you ought to know] NOUN
1 = common sense
이 일은 내 상식으로는 도저히 이해할 수가 없어. I ireun nae sangsigeuroneun dojeohi ihaehal ssuga eopsseo. This doesn’t make any sense to me.
2 = common knowledge
기자가 되려면 상식이 풍부해야 해. Gijaga doeryeomyeon sangsigi pungbuhaeya hae. To be a journalist, you should have a great deal of common knowledge.
sangtae 상태 [狀 look like + 態 state] NOUN = condition, state
엔진은 상태가 괜찮습니다. Enjineun sang-taega gwaenchansseumnida. The engine is in good condition.
sankkil 산길 /산낄/ [山 mountain + 길 path] NOUN = mountain path
그 산길은 낮에도 어두워서 위험해요. Geu sankkireun najedo eoduwoseo wiheomhaeyo. That mountain path is dangerous because it is dark even in the daytime.
sanso 산소 [酸 acid + 素 original] NOUN = oxygen
물은 수소와 산소로 이루어져 있다. Mureun susowa sansoro irueojeo ittta. Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
sanssok 산속 /산쏙/ [山 mountain + 속 inside] NOUN = deep in the mountain
산속에서 길을 잃으면 매우 위험하다. Sanssogeseo gireul ireumyeon maeu wiheomhada. It is very dangerous to get lost in the mountains.
sanyang(hada) 사냥(하다) I NOUN = hunting, hunt II VERB = hunt
이 지역에서는 사냥이 금지되고 있어요. I jiyeogeseoneun sanyangi geumjidoego isseoyo. Hunting is prohibited in this area.
sapyo 사표 [辭 resign + 表 form] NOUN = letter of resignation
오늘 사표를 냈어요. Oneul sapyoreul naesseoyo. I tendered my resignation today.
saragada 살아가다 /사라가다/ [살아 live (from 살다) + 가다 go] VERB = keep living, make a living
우리 가족은 제가 버는 돈으로 겨우 살아가고 있어요. Uri gajogeun jega beoneun doneuro gyeou saragago isseoyo. My family barely makes a living on my salary.
sarajida 사라지다 VERB = disappear (SYN. 없어지다)
영화‘바람과 함께 사라지다’봤어? Yeonghwa baramgwa hamkke sarajida bwasseo? Have you ever seen the movie Gone with the Wind ?
*saram 사람 NOUN = person, people, human being
한국 사람과 일본 사람을 구분할 수 있습니까? Hanguk ssaramgwa ilbon sarameul gubunhal ssu itsseumnikka? Can you distinguish between Korean and Japanese people?
saranada 살아나다 /사라나다/ [살아 live (from 살다) + 나다 occur] VERB = revive, survive
전문가들은 우리 경제가 살아나고 있다고 말합니다. Jeonmungadeureun uri gyeongjega saranago itttago malhamnida. Experts say that our economy is reviving.
saranamda 살아남다 /사라남다/ [살아 live (from 살다) + 남다 remain] VERB = survive
소비자의 생각을 이해하지 못하면 살아남을 수 없어요. Sobijae saenggageul ihaehaji motamyeon saranameul ssu eopsseoyo. If we don’t understand what consumers think, we can’t survive.
*sarang(hada) 사랑(하다) I NOUN = love (SYN. 애정) II VERB = love
사랑 없는 결혼은 아무 의미가 없어. Sarang eomneun gyeolhoneun amu uimiga eopsseo. Marriage without love doesn’t mean anything.
sarangseureoptta 사랑스럽다 /사랑스럽따/ [사랑 love + 스럽다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = adorable
아내는 머리부터 발끝까지 다 사랑스러워요. Anaeneun meoributeo balkkeutkkaji da sarangseureowoyo. My wife is adorable from head to toe.
saraoda 살아오다 /사라오다/ [살아 live (from 살다) + 오다 come] VERB = have lived
지금까지 살아오면서 그렇게 이상한 사람은 처음 봤어요. Jigeumkkaji saraomyeonseo geureoke isanghan sarameun cheoeum bwasseoyo. I’ve never seen such a strange person in my life.
sarin 살인 /사린/ [殺 kill + 人 man → the act of killing someone] NOUN = murder
그 살인 사건은 전국을 충격에 빠뜨렸다. Geu sarin sakkeoneun jeongugeul chunggyeoge ppatteuryeottta. The murder case rocked the whole country.
sarip 사립 [私 private + 立 build] NOUN = private establishment (ANT. 국립)
우리 학교는 사립이에요. Uri hakkkyoneun saribieyo. Our school is a private institution.
sasaenghwal 사생활 [私 private + 生 live + 活 move] NOUN = privacy, private life
이건 내 사생활이니까 상관하지 마세요. Igeon nae sasaenghwarinikka sanggwanhaji maseyo. This is my private life, so please stay out of it.
saseum 사슴 NOUN = deer
도로 위 사슴에 주의하십시오. Doro wi saseume juihasipssio. Watch out for deer on the road.
sasil 사실 [事 work + 實 truth] I NOUN = fact, truth (SYN. 진실)
사실대로 말해 줘. Sasildaero malhae jwo. Tell me the truth.
II ADVERB = actually, in fact (SYN. 실은)
사실, 서울을 떠나 본 적이 거의 없어요. Sasil, seoureul tteona bon jeogi geoi eopsseoyo. In fact, I have hardly ever left Seoul.
sasilssang 사실상 /사실쌍/ [事 work + 實 truth + 上 over] ADVERB = actually, in fact
그 계획은 사실상 실패했다. Geu gyehoegeun sasilssang silpaehaettta. In principle, the plan failed.
*sasip 사십 [四 four + 十 ten → four times ten] NUMERAL = forty
벌써 내 나이 사십이다. Beolsseo nae nai sasibida. I’m already forty.
sasohada 사소하다 [些 little + 少 little + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = trivial, minor (ANT. 중대하다)
어젯밤에 엄마와 사소한 일로 싸웠어요. Eojeppame eommawa sasoha nillo ssawosseoyo. I argued with my mom over trifles.
*satang 사탕 [沙 sand + 糖 sugar] NOUN = candy
사탕을 많이 먹으면 이가 썩어. Satangeul mani meogeumyeon iga sseogeo. Too many candies will give you cavities.
saturi 사투리 NOUN = dialect (ANT. 표준어)
걔 말은 사투리가 심해서 잘 못 알아듣겠어. Gyae mareun saturiga simhaeseo jal mo daradeutkkesseo. He speaks in heavy dialect, so I can’t understand him well.
sauna 사우나 [from English sauna] NOUN = sauna
한국 사람들은 대개 사우나를 좋아합니다. Hanguk ssaramdeureun daegae saunareul joahamnida. Most Koreans like sauna.
NOTE: The sound of 사우나 may be different from the pronunciation of the English word sauna.
sawi 사위 NOUN = son-in-law (ANT. 며느리)
그녀는 사위가 별로 마음에 들지 않았다. Geunyeoneun sawiga byeollo maeume deulji anattta. She didn’t like her son-in-law that much.
*sawol 사월 [四 four + 月 month → the fourth month] NOUN = April
내 여동생이 사월에 아기를 낳을 예정이야. Nae yeodongsaengi sawore agireul naeul ryejeongiya. My younger sister is expecting a baby in April.
sawon 사원 [社 company + 員 person → a person that works for a company] NOUN = employee
모든 사원들에게 보너스가 지급되었어요. Modeun sawondeurege boneoseuga jigeupttoeeosseoyo. A bonus was given out to every employee.
sayong(hada) 사용(하다) [使 manage + 用 use] I NOUN = use II VERB = use (SYN. 쓰다1 1)
여기서는 휴대폰 사용 금지입니다. Yeogiseoneun hyudaepon sayong geumjiimnida. You can’t use your cell phone here.
sayongdoeda 사용되다 [使 manage + 用 use + 되 다 become] VERB = be used (SYN. 쓰이다1)
이것은 암 치료에 사용됩니다. Igeoseun am chiryoe sayongdoemnida. This is used in cancer treatments.
*se 세1 DETERMINER = three
저는 이번 학기에 벌써 세 번이나 지각했어요. Jeoneun ibeon hakkkie beolsseo se beonina jigakaesseoyo. I’ve already been late three times this semester.
*se 세2 [歲 year] DEPENDENT NOUN = age, years (unit of counting one’s age)
만 20세 이상이면 누구나 가입할 수 있습니다. Man isip sse isangimyeon nuguna gaipal ssu itsseumnida. Anyone aged twenty or older in Western age can join.
NOTE: To check out the difference between 세 and 살, see the note on 살2 sal.
seda 세다1 ADJECTIVE = strong, powerful (SYN. 강하다; ANT. 약하다)
우리 엄마는 보기보다 힘이 세요. Uri eommaneun bogiboda himi seyo. My mom is stronger than she looks.
NOTE: To check out the difference between 세다 and 강하다, see the note on 강하다 ganghada.
seda 세다2 VERB = count
몇까지 셀 수 있니? Myeotkkaji sel ssu inni? How high can you count?
sedae 세대 [世 world + 代 generation] NOUN = generation
딸아이의 옷차림을 볼 때마다 세대 차이가 느껴져요. Ttaraie otcharimeul bol ttaemada sedae chaiga neukkyeojeoyo. I feel a generation gap whenever I look at my daughter’s clothes.
segeum 세금 [稅 tax + 金 money] NOUN = tax, duty
세금을 포함해서 2만 원입니다. Segeumeul pohamhaeseo ima nwonimnida. It’s 20,000 won including tax.
segi 세기 [世 world + 紀 time] NOUN = century
안경은 16세기에 중국에서 들어왔어요. Angyeongeun sipnyuk ssegie junggugeseo deureowasseoyo. Eyeglasses were introduced to Korea in the 16th century from China.
segye 세계 [世 world + 界 boundary] NOUN = world
이 호수가 세계에서 가장 큰 호수예요. I hosuga segyeeseo gajang keun hosuyeyo. This is the largest lake in the world.
segyejeok 세계적 [世 world + 界 boundary + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = global, universal
세계적으로 유명한 감독과 함께 일하는 것이 어땠나요? Segyejeogeuro yumyeonghan gamdokkkwa hamkke ilhaneun geosi eottaennayo? How was it to work with a world-famous director?
seil(hada) 세일(하다) [from English sale] I NOUN = sale II VERB = have a sale
백화점 오늘부터 세일이래요. Baekwajeom oneulbuteo seiriraeyo. The department store is having a sale from today.
NOTE: 세일 refers to a bargain sale—an occasion when a shop sells items at a lower price, not the act of selling.
seje 세제 [洗 wash + 劑 medicine → chemicals that you use to wash something] NOUN = detergent, cleanser
이 구멍에 세제를 넣으시면 됩니다. I gumeonge sejereul neoeusimyeon doemnida. You need to put detergent in this slot.
sekseu(hada) 섹스(하다) [from English sex] I NOUN = sex II VERB = have sex
이 소설에는 섹스 장면이 상당히 많이 나와요. I soseoreneun sekseu jangmyeoni sangdanghi mani nawayo. There are quite a lot of sex scenes in this novel.
NOTE: 섹스 does not mean one’s gender.
seksihada 섹시하다 [섹시 sexy + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = sexy
저는 청바지를 입은 남자가 섹시해 보여요. Jeoneun cheongbajireul ibeun namjaga seksihae boyeoyo. I think men in jeans look sexy.
selpeu 셀프 [from English self(-service)] NOUN = self-service
물은 셀프입니다. Mureun selpeuimnida. You need to get your own water here.
sem 셈 DEPENDENT NOUN
1 = intention
이제 어떻게 할 셈이야? Ije eotteoke hal ssemiya? What are you going to do now?
2 = result, circumstances
자기 발등을 자기가 찍은 셈이지. Jagi baltteungeul jagiga jjigeun semiji. It’s like cutting off one’s nose to spite one’s face.
3 = supposition
자식 하나 없는 셈 치고 살면 돼. Jasik hana eomneun sem chigo salmyeon dwae. I’ll live as if I never had that child.
NOTE: With meaning 1, 셈 usually appears as - ㄹ/을 셈이다 or - ㄹ/을 셈으로 after a verb. With meaning 2, it usually appears as - ㄴ/은 셈 이다 or - 는 셈이다 after a verb or an adjective. With meaning 3, it usually appears as - ㄴ/은 셈 치다 or - 는 셈 치다 after a verb or an adjective.
semina 세미나 [from English seminar] NOUN = seminar
세미나는 몇 시에 시작되죠? Seminaneun myeot ssie sijakttoejyo? What time does the seminar start?
senseu 센스 [from English sense] NOUN = sense
그 애는 착하기는 한데, 센스가 부족해. Geu aeneun chakagineun hande, senseuga bujokae. He has a good heart but lacks sense.
senteo 센터 [from English center] NOUN = center
저는 우리 집 근처에 있는 스포츠 센터에서 일해요. Jeoneun uri jip geuncheoe inneun seupocheu senteoeseo ilhaeyo. I work at a sports center near my place.
seobiseu 서비스 [from English service] NOUN
1 = service
이 곳은 서비스가 별로예요. I goseun seobiseuga byeolloyeyo. The service here is not so good.
2 = free of charge
저녁 일곱 시 이전에 오시는 손님께는 소주 한 병을 서비스로 제공합니다. Jeonyeok ilgop ssi ijeone osineun sonnimkkeneun soju han byeongeul seobiseuro jegonghamnida. We provide a complimentary bottle of soju to all customers visiting us before 7 p.m.
NOTE: 공짜 means no cost of money or effort; 무료 means free of charge; 서비스 refers to something that is served free of charge in a store or at a restaurant.
저녁 일곱 시 이전에 오시는 손님께는 소주 한 병을 서비스로(O)/무료로(O)/공짜로(O) 제공합니다.
영화관에 무료(O)/서비스(X)/공짜(△) 주차장이 있나요? Yeonghwagwane muryo juchajangi innayo? Is there a free parking lot in the theater?
그걸 거의 공짜로(O)/서비스로(△)/무료로(△) 얻었어요. Geugeol geoi gongjjaro eodeosseoyo. I got it for next to nothing.
*seoda 서다 VERB
1 = stand (SYN. 일어서다)
여기에 한 줄로 서 주세요. Yeogie han jullo seo juseyo. Please stand in one line over here.
2 = stop (SYN. 멈추다, 정지하다)
그 버스는 우리 집 바로 앞에 서요. Geu beoseuneun uri jip baro ape seoyo. The bus stops right in front of my house.
seodureuda 서두르다 VERB = hurry, rush
서두를 필요 없어. Seodureul piryo eopsseo. You don’t have to hurry.
seogyu 석유 /서규/ [石 stone + 油 oil] NOUN = oil, petroleum
석유 가격이 또 오른다면서요? Seogyu gagyeogi tto oreundamyeonseoyo? Is it true that oil prices will go up again?
seojeok 서적 [書 book + 籍 book] NOUN = books (SYN. 책)
건강에 관련된 서적은 어디에 있나요? Geongange gwallyeondoen seojeogeun eodie innayo? Where do you have books on health?
*seojeom 서점 [書 book + 店 shop] NOUN = bookstore (SYN. 책방)
서점은 보통 몇 시에 문을 닫죠? Seojeomeun botong myeot ssie muneul datjjyo? What time does the book store usually close?
*seojjok 서쪽 [西 west + 쪽 direction] NOUN = west
해는 동쪽에서 떠서 서쪽으로 진다. Haeneun dongjjogeseo tteoseo seojjogeuro jinda. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
seok 석 DETERMINER = three (SYN. 세1)
아들 아이 키가 석 달 사이에 15센티미터나 자랐어요. Adeul ai kiga seok ttal ssaie sibo sentimiteona jarasseoyo. My son grew fifteen centimeters in three months.
NOTE: 석 or 넉 is used only in the context of months, e.g., 석 달 (three months), 넉 달 (four months). Of course, you can also say 세 달, 네 달.
seokkida 섞이다 /서끼다/ [섞다 mix + 이 passive suffix] VERB = mix, be mixed
잘 섞이도록 계속 저어 주세요. Jal seokkidorok gyesok jjeoeo juseyo. Keep stirring until they are well mixed.
seoktta 섞다 /석따/ VERB = mix, blend
먼저 밀가루랑 우유를 섞어. Meonjeo milkkarurang uyureul seokkeo. First, mix flour and milk together.
seolchi(hada) 설치(하다) [設 build + 置 place] I NOUN = installation II VERB = install
이 프로그램을 어떻게 설치하죠? I peurogeuraemeul eotteoke seolchihajyo? How do I install this program?
seolchidoeda 설치되다 [設 build + 置 place + 되다 become] VERB = be installed
저희는 모든 방에 에어컨이 설치되어 있습니다. Jeohineun modeun bange eeokeoni seolchidoeeo itsseumnida. All of our rooms have an air conditioner.
seolgeoji(hada) 설거지(하다) I NOUN = dishwashing II VERB = wash the dishes
설거지 좀 도와줄래? Seolgeoji jom dowajullae? Can you help me wash the dishes?
seollal 설날 /설랄/ [설 + 날 day] NOUN = New Year’s Day
설날에 우리나라 사람들은 떡국을 먹어요. Seollare urinara saramdeureun tteokkkugeul meogeoyo. On New Year’s Day, Koreans eat rice-cake soup.
NOTE: Korea celebrates both New Year’s day and Chinese New Year’s day. It is a traditional ritual for Koreans to thank their ancestors with prepared food on the morning of the New Year’s day. It is a custom to eat 떡국 on this day.
seolleongtang 설렁탕 [설렁 + 湯 boil] NOUN = seolleongtang (stock soup of bone and stew meat)
설렁탕에는 보통 반찬으로 깍두기가 나와요. Seolleongtangeneun botong banchaneuro kkakttugiga nawayo. Kkakdugi is commonly served as a side dish with Seolleongtang .
NOTE: 설렁탕 is a dish that combines rice with soup, made with stock boiled from different parts of beef.
seollip(ada) 설립(하다) [設 build + 立 build] I NOUN = establishment, foundation II VERB = establish, found
회사를 설립하려면 복잡한 절차를 거쳐야 합니다. Hoesareul seolliparyeomyeon bokjjapan jeolchareul geocheoya hamnida. To set up a company, you have to go through some complicated procedures.
*seolmyeong(hada) 설명(하다) [說 say + 明 clear → a clear statement] I NOUN = explanation
II VERB = explain
누가 이것을 영어로 설명 좀 해 주시겠어요? Nuga igeoseul yeongeoro seolmyeong jom hae jusigesseoyo? Could someone explain this in English for me, please?
seolssa 설사 /설싸/ [設 build + 使 dispatch] ADVERB = even if, even though
설사 결혼을 하더라도 아이는 낳지 않을 거예요. Seolssa gyeolhoneul hadeorado aineun nachi aneul kkeoyeyo. I don’t plan on having children, even if I get married.
NOTE: 설사 is followed by - 더라도 or - 아도/어 도/여도.
*seoltang 설탕 [雪 snow + 糖 sugar] NOUN = sugar
커피에 설탕 넣으세요? Keopie seoltang neoeuseyo? Do you take sugar in your coffee?
seoltteuk(ada) 설득(하다) /설뜩, 설뜨카다/ [說 say + 得 get] I NOUN = persuasion II VERB = persuade, convince
나는 아내에게 같이 가자고 설득했지만, 아내는 듣지 않았다. Naneun anaeege gachi gajago seoltteukaetjjiman, anaeneun deutjji anattta. I tried to persuade my wife to go with me, but she was adamant.
seom 섬 NOUN = island
독도는 한국에서 가장 동쪽에 위치한 섬입니다. Dokttoneun hangugeseo gajang dongjjoge wichihan seomimnida. Dokdo is the easternmost island in Korea.
seomyeong(hada) 서명(하다) [署 write + 名 name → the act of writing one’s name] I NOUN = signature (SYN. 사인 I) II VERB = sign (SYN. 사인하다 I)
여기 서명 좀 해 주시겠어요? Yeogi seomyeong jom hae jusigesseoyo? Would you sign here, please?
seon 선 [線 line] NOUN = line
공이 선 위에 떨어졌어요. Gongi seo nwie tteoreojeosseoyo. The ball fell on the line.
seonbae 선배 [先 first + 輩 fellow → a fellow or colleague who first joined a certain group, organization, or an institution] NOUN = a senior, a superior (ANT. 후배)
그 사람은 우리 고등학교 선배야. Geu sarameun uri godeunghakkkyo seonbaeya. He is my senior in high school.
seoneo 서너 [서 three + 너 four] DETERMINER = three or four
저는 일 년에 책을 서너 권 정도 삽니다. Jeoneun il ryeone chaegeul seoneo gwon jeongdo samnida. I buy three or four books a year.
seoneon(hada) 선언(하다) /서넌(하다)/ [宣 announce + 言 word] I NOUN = announcement, declaration II VERB = announce, declare
그 가수는 한창 인기가 있을 때 갑자기 더 이상 노래를 하지 않겠다고 선언했다. Geu gasuneun hanchang inkkiga isseul ttae gapjjagi deo isang noraereul haji anketttago seoneonhaettta. The singer unexpectedly announced at the height of his popularity that he won’t sing any more.
seoneulhada 서늘하다 ADJECTIVE = cool, chilly
밤까지 서늘한 날씨가 계속되겠습니다. Bamkkaji seoneulhan nalssiga gyesokttoegetsseumnida. We’ll continue to see cool weather into the night.
seong 성1 [姓 surname] NOUN = family name, last name
그 사람 성은 기억이 안 나요. Geu saram seongeun gieogi an nayo. I don’t remember his last name.
seong 성2 [性 gender] NOUN = sex, gender
아이들은 자기와 다른 성의 부모와 얘기하려 한다. Aideureun jagiwa dareun seonge bumowa yaegiharyeo handa. Children prefer to talk to their opposite-sex parent.
seongbyeol 성별 [性 gender + 別 distinguish] NOUN = sex, gender
아이의 성별은 아직 몰라요. Aie seongbyeoreun ajing mollayo. We don’t know the baby’s sex, yet.
seongdang 성당 [聖 holy + 堂 house] NOUN = Catholic church, cathedral
명동성당으로 가는 길 좀 알려 주시겠어요? Myeongdongseongdangeuro ganeun gil jo mallyeo jusigesseoyo? Could you please tell me the way to Myeongdong Cathedral?
seongeo 선거 [選 select + 擧 elect] NOUN = election
저는 선거 결과에 관심이 없어요. Jeoneun seongeo gyeolgwae gwansimi eopsseoyo. I’m not interested in the result of the election.
seongeullaseu 선글라스 [from English sunglass] NOUN = sunglasses
눈 수술을 했기 때문에 태양으로부터 눈을 보호하려고 선글라스를 써요. Nun susureul haetkki ttaemune taeyangeurobuteo nuneul bohoharyeogo seongeullaseureul sseoyo. I wear sunglasses to protect my eyes from the sun because I had a eye surgery.
seonggong(hada) 성공(하다) [成 accomplish + 功 achievement] I NOUN = success (ANT. 실패)
II VERB = succeed (ANT. 실패하다)
실패는 성공의 어머니다. Silpaeneun seonggonge eomeonida. Failure is a stepping stone to success.
seonggongjeok 성공적 [成 accomplish + 功 achievement + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = successful
수술은 성공적이었어요. 걱정 마세요. Susureun seonggongjeogieosseoyo. Geokjjeong maseyo. The operation was successful. Don’t worry.
seonggyeong 성경 [聖 holy + 經 writing] NOUN = the Bible
성경은 100개 이상의 언어로 번역되었어요. Seonggyeongeun baek kkae isange eoneoro beonyeokttoeeosseoyo. The Bible has been translated into more than 100 languages.
seongham 성함 [姓 surname + 銜 title] NOUN = name (honorific of 이름)
성함이 어떻게 되시죠? Seonghami eotteoke doesijyo? Can I have your name, please?
seongin 성인 [成 become + 人 people → people who become old enough to be responsible for their own action] NOUN = adult, grown-up (SYN. 어른 1)
나도 이제 성인인데 엄마는 아직 나를 아이 취급하셔. Nado ije seongininde eommaneun ajing nareul ai chwigeupasyeo. Even though I’m an adult, my mom still treats me like a child.
seongjang(hada) 성장(하다) [成 become + 長 grow] I NOUN = growth, development II VERB = grow up
중국 경제가 빠른 속도로 성장하고 있어요. Jungguk kkyeongjega ppareun sokttoro seongjanghago isseoyo. The Chinese economy is experiencing a rapid growth.
seongjeok 성적1 [成 accomplish + 績 achievement → the final achievement of your study] NOUN = grade, mark
어머님하고 네 성적에 관해 이야기를 좀 하고 싶은데. Eomeonimhago ne seongjeoge gwanhae iyagireul jom hago sipeunde. I’d like to talk to your mother about your grades.
seongjjeok 성적2 /성쩍/ [性 sex + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = sexual
이 광고에는 성적 메시지가 숨겨져 있다. I gwanggoeneun seongjeok mesijiga sumgyeojeo ittta. There are hidden sexual messages in this advertisement.
NOTE: Be careful that 성적 is pronounced as / 성쩍 seongjjeok /. If you pronounce it as / 성적 seongjeok /, it means grade.
seongjil 성질 [性 nature + 質 nature] NOUN
1 = temper
너 성질 급한 건 여전하구나. Neo seongjil geupan geon yeojeonhaguna. I see you’re still impatient.
2 = nature, quality
물은 더러운 것을 깨끗하게 만드는 성질이 있다. Mureun deoreoun geoseul kkaekkeutage mandeuneun seongjiri ittta. Water has cleansing properties.
seongkkyeok 성격 /성껵/ [性 nature + 格 character] NOUN = personality, character
자신의 성격 중에서 고치고 싶은 부분이 있나요? Jasine seongkkyeok jungeseo gochigo sipeun bubuni innayo? Is there anything you’d like to change about your personality?
seongmyeong 성명 [姓 surname + 名 name] NOUN = full name (SYN. 이름)
성명과 나이를 적으세요. Seongmyeonggwa naireul jeogeuseyo. Fill in your name and age.
seongnyang 성냥 NOUN = match
성냥을 가지고 놀면 위험해. Seongnyangeul gajigo nolmyeon wiheomhae. It’s dangerous to play with matches.
seongsilhada 성실하다 [誠 sincere + 實 truth + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = faithful, sincere
그 사람은 아주 정직하고 성실한 사람이에요. Geu sarameun aju jeongjikago seongsilhan saramieyo. He is a very honest and sincere person.
seongsukada 성숙하다 /성수카다/ [成 become + 熟 ripe + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = mature
그 애는 나이에 비해 성숙해. Geu aeneun naie bihae seongsukae. He is mature for his age.
seonjang 선장 [船 ship + 長 chief] NOUN = captain of a ship
아버지는 선장이셨어요. Abeojineun seonjangisyeosseoyo. My father was a captain.
seonjeon 선전(하다) [宣 announce + 傳 convey → an announcement that conveys information about certain production] I NOUN = advertisement, commercial (SYN. 광고) II VERB = publicize, advertise
TV에서 선전한다고 다 믿으면 안 돼요. Tibeuieseo seonjeonhandago da mideumyeon an dwaeyo. Don’t trust a product just because it is advertised on TV.
seonjinguk 선진국 [先 first + 進 advance + 國 country → a country that is advanced compared to other countries] NOUN = developed country
저는 한국이 선진국이라고 생각하지 않아요. Jeoneun hangugi seonjingugirago saenggakaji anayo. I don’t think Korea is a developed country.
*seonmul(hada) 선물(하다) [膳 present + 物 thing] I NOUN = present, gift II VERB = give a present
여기 네 생일 선물. Yeogi ne saengil seonmul. Here’s a birthday present for you.
seonpunggi 선풍기 [扇 fan + 風 wind + 機 machine] NOUN = electric fan
선풍기 좀 세게 틀어 줘. Seonpunggi jom sege teureo jwo. Turn the fan on high.
*seonsaeng 선생 [先 first + 生 born] NOUN = teacher (SYN. 교사)
선생님께서 숙제 내 주신 거 있니? Seonsaengnimkkeseo sukjje nae jusin geo inni? Did the teacher assign us any homework?
seonsu 선수 [選 select + 手 person] NOUN = player, athlete
그 여자는 타고난 운동 선수였다. Geu yeojaneun tagona nundong seonsuyeottta. She was a natural-born athlete.
seontaek(ada) 선택(하다) [選 select + 擇 select] I NOUN = choice, selection II VERB = choose, pick (SYN. 고르다1, 택하다, 뽑다 3)
선택을 잘한 것 같아. Seontaegeul jalhan geot gata. I think I made the right choice.
seonwon 선원 /서눤/ [船 ship + 員 people → people who make a living on a ship] NOUN = crew-man, sailor
선원들은 매일 바닷물만 보고 지냈다. Seonwondeureun maeil badanmulman bogo jinaettta. Sailors saw nothing but water every day.
seopsseopada 섭섭하다 /섭써파다/ ADJECTIVE = sorry, disappointed (SYN. 서운하다)
이렇게 가시니 섭섭하네요. Ireoke gasini seopsseopaneyo. I’m so sorry that you have to leave.
seorap 서랍 NOUN = drawer
가위는 어느 서랍에 들어 있죠? Gawineun eoneu seorabe deureo itjjyo? Which drawer are the scissors in?
*seoreun 서른 NUMERAL = thirty
내년이면 서른 살이에요. Naenyeonimyeon seoreun sarieyo. I’ll be 30 next year.
*seoro 서로 ADVERB = each other, one another
우리는 서로 사랑해요. Urineun seoro saranghaeyo. We love each other.
한국 사람들은 술을 마실 때 서로 잔을 채워 줘요. Hanguk ssaramdeureun sureul masil ttae seoro janeul chaewo jwoyo. When drinking, Korean people pour for one another.
seoryu 서류 [書 writing + 類 group] NOUN = document, paper (SYN. 문서)
중요한 서류가 없어졌어. Jungyohan seoryuga eopsseojeosseo. An important document is gone.
seoseohi 서서히 [徐 slow + 徐 slow + 히 adverbial suffix] ADVERB = gradually, slowly (SYN. 점차, 점점, 차츰, 차차 1)
비행기가 서서히 내려가고 있어요. Bihaenggiga seoseohi naeryeogago isseoyo. The airplane is gradually descending.
seotulda 서툴다 = shortened form of 서투르다 seotureuda
seotureuda 서투르다 ADJECTIVE = poor, unskilled
저는 아직 운전이 서툴러서 운전을 할 때마다 긴장돼요. Jeoneun ajik unjeoni seotulleoseo unjeoneul hal ttaemada ginjangdwaeyo. I’m not quite used to driving so I feel nervous whenever I drive.
seounhada 서운하다 ADJECTIVE = sorry, disappointed (SYN. 섭섭하다)
너무 서운하게 생각하지 마세요. Neomu seounhage saenggakaji maseyo. Try not to feel too sad about it.
seoyang 서양 [西 west + 洋 ocean → the western land across the ocean] NOUN = the West (ANT. 동양)
악수는 서양의 풍습입니다. Akssuneun seoyange pungseubimnida. Shaking hands is a Western custom.
seoyangin 서양인 [西 west + 洋 ocean + 人 people] NOUN = Westerner (ANT. 동양인)
그 여자는 서양인의 눈을 갖고 있어요. Geu yeojaneun seoyangine nuneul gatkko isseoyo. She has Western eyes.
sero 세로 NOUN = length (ANT. 가로)
세로 줄무늬가 있는 이게 괜찮은데. Sero julmuniga inneun ige gwaenchaneunde. This one with vertical stripes is nice.
seryeondoeda 세련되다 [洗 wash + 練 practice + 되다 become] ADJECTIVE = refined, sophisticated (ANT. 촌스럽다)
우리 학교 교복은 상당히 세련됐어요. Uri hakkkyo gyobogeun sangdanghi seryeondwaesseoyo. Our school uniform is quite stylish.
NOTE: 세련되다 is used in the past tense: 세련 됐다.
sesang 세상 [世 world + 上 upper] NOUN = world
세상 참 좁다! Sesang cham joptta! It’s a small world!
sesange 세상에 [世 world + 上 upper + 에] INTERJECTION = boy!
세상에, 지금이 몇 시야? 나 가야겠어. Sesange, jigeumi myeot ssiya? Na gayagesseo. Gosh, look at the time! I must get going.
*sesu(hada) 세수(하다) [洗 wash + 手 hand] I NOUN = washing one’s face II VERB = wash one’s face
세수해도 상관없어요? Sesuhaedo sanggwaneopsseoyo? Can I wash my face?
*set 셋 /섿/ NUMERAL = three
셋 셀 때까지 대답해. Set sel ttaekkaji daedapae. Answer on a count of three.
NOTE: Note that 셋 takes on an altered form, 세, to modify a noun. See 세 se.
setak(ada) 세탁(하다) [洗 wash + 濯 wash] I NOUN = doing the laundry II VERB = wash (one’s clothes)
세탁 맡길 것이 있는데요. Setak matkkil kkeosi inneundeyo. I have some laundry I need done.
*setakkki 세탁기 /세탁끼/ [洗 wash + 濯 wash + 機 machine] NOUN = washing machine
흙 묻은 옷은 바로 세탁기에 넣지 마세요. Heuk mudeu noseun baro setakkkie neochi maseyo. Don’t put clothes with mud on them straight into the washing machine.
setaksso 세탁소 /세탁쏘/ [洗 wash + 濯 wash + 所 place] NOUN = laundry
코트를 세탁소에 맡겨야 해요. Koteureul setakssoe matkkyeoya haeyo. I need to take my coat to the cleaner’s.
*setjjae 셋째 /섿째/ [셋 three + 째 order] NUMERAL = third
셋째 주까지 신청하셔야 합니다. Setjjae jukkaji sincheonghasyeoya hamnida. You have to register before the third week.
seuchida 스치다 VERB = graze, brush
스칠 때마다 그곳이 아파요. Seuchil ttaemada geugosi apayo. It hurts whenever something brushes against it.
seuda 세우다 VERB
1 = set up, establish
먼저 구체적인 목표를 세워. Meonjeo guchejeogin mokpyoreul sewo. First, set up a detailed goal.
2 = stand, make sth stand
사람들을 한 줄로 세워라. Saramdeureul han jullo sewora. Stand people in a line.
3 = stop, pull over
그냥 저기 저 건물 옆에 세워 주세요. Geunyang jeogi jeo geonmul yeope sewo juseyo. Just stop by that building over there, please.
seukeiteu 스케이트 [from English skate] NOUN = skating
이번 주말에 스케이트 타러 갈까? Ibeon jumare seukeiteu tareo galkka? Why don’t we go skating this weekend?
seukejul 스케줄 [from English schedule] NOUN = schedule (SYN. 일정)
오늘 오후 스케줄이 어떻게 되세요? Oneul ohu seukejuri eotteoke doeseyo? What is your schedule for this afternoon?
*seuki 스키 [from English ski] NOUN = ski
스키를 타다가 팔이 부러졌어요. Seukireul tadaga pari bureojeosseoyo. I broke my arm when I was skiing.
seukijang 스키장 [스키 ski + 場 place] NOUN = ski resort
어느 스키장 갈까요? Eoneu seukijang galkkayo? Which ski resort are we going to?
seulgeumeoni 슬그머니 ADVERB = stealthily (SYN. 슬쩍 1)
모두 잠이 들었을 때 슬그머니 집을 나왔다. Modu jami deureosseul ttae seulgeumeoni jibeul nawattta. I slipped out of the house when everybody fell asleep.
seuljjeok 슬쩍 ADVERB
1 = stealthily, secretly (SYN. 슬그머니)
그 여자는 백화점에서 옷을 슬쩍 훔치다 걸렸어요. Geu yeojaneun baekwajeomeseo oseul seuljjeo kumchida geollyeosseoyo. She tried to lift a dress from the department store and got caught.
2 = nimbly, lightly
닫힌 문을 발로 슬쩍 밀었더니 쉽게 열렸어요. Dachin muneul ballo seuljjeong mireottteoni swipkke yeollyeosseoyo. I nudged the closed door with my foot and it opened easily.
seulleompeu 슬럼프 [from English slump] NOUN = slump
모든 사람들은 때때로 슬럼프에 빠진다. Modeun saramdeureun ttaettaero seulleompeue ppajinda. Everyone falls into a slump sometimes.
seulpeohada 슬퍼하다 [슬퍼 sad (from 슬프다) + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = grieve, be sad (ANT. 기뻐하다)
슬퍼하지 마세요. Seulpeohaji maseyo. Don’t be sad.
*seulpeuda 슬프다 ADJECTIVE = sad, sorrowful (ANT. 기쁘다)
내가 키우던 고양이가 죽었을 때 너무 슬펐어요. Naega kiudeon goyangiga jugeosseul ttae neomu seulpeosseoyo. I was so sad when my cat died.
seulpeum 슬픔 [슬프 sad (from 슬프다) + ㅁ nominal suffix] NOUN = sorrow, sadness (ANT. 기쁨)
자식이 죽은 후 아버지는 깊은 슬픔에 빠져 있었다. Jasigi jugeun hu abeojineun gipeun seulpeume ppajeo isseottta. The father was inconsolable after the death of his child.
*seumnida 습니다 /슴니다/ ENDING = declarative ending
오후에는 약속이 있습니다. Ohueneun yakssogi itsseumnida. I have an appointment in the afternoon.
NOTE: ㅂ니다/습니다 is attached to the stem of verbs/adjectives and functions as a declarative ending. This is a formal way of speaking and shows a high degree of politeness towards your listener. Verbs/adjectives whose stem ends in a vowel or ㄹ will take ㅂ니다 as the ending, while those whose stem ends in any consonant but ㄹ will take 습니다.
seumnikka 습니까 /슴니까/ ENDING = inquisitive ending
이곳에서 오래 사셨습니까? Igoseseo orae sasyeotsseumnikka? Have you lived here for a long time?
NOTE: ㅂ니까/습니까 is attached to the stem of verbs/adjectives and functions as an inquisitive ending. This is a formal way of speaking. Verbs/ adjectives whose stem ends in a vowel or ㄹ will take ㅂ니까 as the ending, while those whose stem ends in any consonant but ㄹ will take 습 니까.
*seumu 스무 DETERMINER = twenty
저는 스무 살이에요. Jeoneun seumu sarieyo. I’m 20 years old.
*seumul 스물 NUMERAL = twenty
그 여자는 스물에서 서른 사이인 것 같다. Geu yeojaneun seumureseo seoreun saiin geot gattta. She seems to be between twenty and thirty.
seungbu 승부 [勝 win + 負 lose] NOUN = winning or losing
승부는 아직 끝나지 않았어! Seungbuneun ajik kkeunnaji anasseo! The game is not over yet!
seunggaek 승객 [乘 ride + 客 customer → customers riding a vehicle] NOUN = passenger
모든 승객들은 좌석 벨트를 매야 합니다. Modeun seunggaektteureun jwaseok belteureul maeya hamnida. All passengers must wear seatbelts.
seungjin(hada) 승진(하다) [昇 rise + 進 advance] I NOUN = promotion (SYN. 진급) II VERB = be promoted (SYN. 진급하다)
승진을 축하합니다. Seungjineul chukahamnida. I’d like to congratulate you on your promotion.
NOTE: To check out the difference between 승진 and 진급, see the note on 진급 jingeup.
seungni(hada) 승리(하다) /승니(하다)/ [勝 win + 利 helpful] I NOUN = victory II VERB = win the victory (SYN. 이기다)
경기는 그들의 승리로 끝났다. Gyeonggineun geudeure seungniro kkeunnattta. The game ended with their victory.
seungyongcha 승용차 [乘 ride + 用 use + 車 vehicle] NOUN = (passenger) car
저는 승용차로 출퇴근해요. Jeoneun seungyongcharo chultoegeunhaeyo. I commute by car.
seunim 스님 NOUN = Buddhist monk
결혼을 하는 스님도 있어요. Gyeolhoneul haneun seunimdo isseoyo. Some Buddhist monks get married.
seupeonji 스펀지 [from English sponge] NOUN = sponge
먼저 스펀지에 세제를 묻혀라. Meonjeo seupeonjie sejereul mucheora. Put soap on the sponge first.
seupkki 습기 /습끼/ [濕 wet + 氣 air] NOUN = moisture, humidity
이 상자를 습기 없는 장소에 보관하세요. I sangjareul seupkki eomneun jangsoe bogwanhaseyo. Keep this box in a dry place.
seupkkwan 습관 /습꽌/ [習 familiar + 慣 custom] NOUN = habit (SYN. 버릇 1)
저는 공부할 때 음악을 듣는 습관이 있어요. Jeoneun gongbuhal ttae eumageul deunneun seupkkwani isseoyo. It’s my habit to listen to music while I study.
*seupocheu 스포츠 [from English sports] NOUN = sports
어떤 스포츠를 좋아하세요? Eotteon seupocheureul joahaseyo? What kind of sports do you like?
seuseung 스승 NOUN = teacher, mentor
최고의 스승은 부모라는 말에 동의합니다. Choegoe seuseungeun bumoraneun mare dongihamnida. I agree that parents are the best teachers.
seuseuro 스스로 I ADVERB = by oneself, for oneself
숙제는 스스로 해라. Sukjjeneun seuseuro haera. Do your homework by yourself.
II NOUN = oneself (SYN. 자신1)
성인이 되면 스스로의 행동에 대해 책임을 져야 합니다. Seongini doemyeon seuseuroe haengdonge daehae chaegimeul jeoya hamnida. A grownup should be responsible for his own actions.
seuta 스타 [from English star] NOUN = star
스타는 하루 아침에 만들어지는 게 아니야. Seutaneun haru achime mandeureojineun ge aniya. Stars are not made overnight.
seutail 스타일 [from English style] NOUN = style, type
새 머리 스타일이 마음에 드세요? Sae meori seutairi maeume deuseyo? Do you like your new hair style?
seuteodi 스터디 [from English study] NOUN = group study
너희 영어 스터디에 내가 껴도 될까? Neohi yeongeo seuteodie naega kkyeodo doelkka? Can I join your English study group?
NOTE: 스터디 is not the same as study. It means group study.
*seuteureseu 스트레스 [from English stress] NOUN = stress
저는 노래방에 가서 스트레스를 풀어요. Jeoneun noraebange gaseo seuteureseureul pureoyo. I go to karaoke to get rid of stress.
seutyudio 스튜디오 [from English studio] NOUN = studio
그 가수는 지금 스튜디오에서 새 노래를 녹음 중입니다. Geu gasuneun jigeum seutyudioeseo sae noraereul nogeum jungimnida. The singer is recording his new song in the studio.
seuweteo 스웨터 [from English sweater] NOUN = sweater
저는 보통 겨울 스웨터를 여름에 사 둡니다. Jeoneun botong gyeoul seuweteoreul yeoreume sa dumnida. I usually buy winter sweaters in summer.
seuwichi 스위치 [from English switch] NOUN = switch
다 쓰고 나면 스위치를 꼭 꺼. Da sseugo namyeon seuwichireul kkok kkeo. When you’re done, don’t forget to switch it off.
sewol 세월 [歲 year + 月 month] NOUN = time
세월 참 빠르구나! Sewol cham ppareuguna! How time flies!
NOTE: 세월 is usually used to indicate the flow of time.
*seyo 세요 [시 honorific suffix + 어 final ending + 요 honorific particle] ENDING
1 = declarative ending
이분이 우리 담임 선생님이세요. Ibuni uri damim seonsaengnimiseyo. This is my homeroom teacher.
2 = inquisitive ending
여기는 웬일이세요? Yeogineun wenniriseyo? What brings you here?
3 = imperative ending
먼저 가세요. 곧 따라갈게요. Meonjeo gaseyo. Got ttaragalkkeyo. Go ahead first. I’ll be right with you.
NOTE: 세요/으세요 is a shortened form of the honorific suffix 시/으시, combined with the final ending 어 and the honorific particle 요. But the original form 시어요/으시어요 is seldom used.
*si 시1 [時 time] DEPENDENT NOUN = time, hour, o’clock
지금 몇 시예요? Jigeum myeot ssiyeyo? What time is it now?
5시 10분 전입니다. Daseot ssi sip bun jeonimnida. It’s ten to five.
NOTE: Put pure Korean numerals (한, 두, 세, 네, 다섯, …) before 시. Be aware that 분 (minutes) and 초 (seconds) combine with sino-Korean numerals.
si 시2 [詩 poetry] NOUN = poem, poetry
요즘 사람들은 시를 읽지 않는다. Yojeum saramdeureun sireul ikjji anneunda. These days, people don’t read poetry.
*si 시3 [市 city] NOUN = city
이 시의 인구는 얼마나 돼요? I sie inguneun eolmana dwaeyo? What is the population of this city?
NOTE: South Korea has seven metropolitan cities—Seoul, Busan, Daejeon, Daegu, Incheon, Ulsan and Kwangju.
*si 시4 SUFFIX = honorific suffix
차가 없어서 불편하시겠어요. Chaga eopsseoseo bulpyeonhasigesseoyo. It must be inconvenient not to have a car.
NOTE: 시/으시 is attached to the stem of verbs/ adjectives and followed by other endings. It is used for showing respect for the subject of the sentence. Verbs/adjectives whose stem ends in a vowel or ㄹ will take 시 as the ending sound, while those whose stem ends in any consonant but ㄹ will take 으시.
siabeoji 시아버지 [媤 husband’s side + 아버지 father] NOUN = one’s husband’s father
최근에 시아버지가 돌아가셨어요. Choegeune siabeojiga doragasyeosseoyo. My father-in-law passed away recently.
NOTE: You should address your 시아버지 as 아 버님.
*sibirwol 십일월 /시비뤌/ [十 ten + 一 one + 月 month → the eleventh month] NOUN = November
한국에서는 십일월에 대입 시험이 있어요. Hangugeseoneun sibirwore daeip ssiheomi isseoyo. In Korea, students take college admission test in November.
*sibiwol 십이월 /시비월/ [十 ten + 二 two + 月 moon → the twelfth month] NOUN = December
저는 12월의 마지막 날에 태어났어요. Jeoneun sibiwore majimak nare taeeonasseoyo. I was born on the last day of December.
sibumo 시부모 [媤 husband’s side + 父 father + 母 mother] NOUN = parents of one’s husband
저는 시부모님 모시고 살아요. Jeoneun sibumonim mosigo sarayo. I live with my parents-in-law.
sicheong 시청1 [市 city + 廳 hall] NOUN = city hall
시청 가는 표 한 장 주세요. Sicheong ganeun pyo han jang juseyo. I need one ticket for City Hall, please.
sicheong(hada) 시청2(하다) [視 see + 聽 hear] I NOUN = watching (TV) II VERB = watch (TV)
저는 텔레비전 시청이 아이들에게 나쁘다고 생각하지 않아요. Jeoneun tellebijeon sicheongi aideurege nappeudago saenggakaji anayo. I don’t think watching TV is bad for children.
sicheongja 시청자 [視 see + 聽 hear + 者 person] NOUN = viewer
시청자들에게 새 음반에 대해 소개해 주시겠어요? Sicheongjadeurege sae eumbane daehae sogaehae jusigesseoyo? Would you please introduce your new album to our viewers?