*got 곧 ADVERB = soon, shortly, right away (SYN. 이내²)

곧 돌아올게. Got ttoraolkke. I’ll be right back.

*got 곳 /곧/ DEPENDENT NOUN = place, location, lot

여기가 제가 태어난 곳이에요. Yeogiga jega taeeonan gosieyo. This is where I was born.

gotjjal 곧잘 /곧짤/ ADVERB

1 = often, easily

요즘은 곧잘 피로를 느껴요. Yojeumeun gotjjal piroreul neukkyeoyo. I feel easily tired these days.

2 = quite well

걔는 운동도 곧잘 해. Gyaeneun undongdo gotjjal hae. He’s quite good at sports.

gotjjang 곧장 /곧짱/ ADVERB = straight, right away (SYN. 곧바로)

이 길 끝까지 곧장 가세요. I gil kkeutkkaji gotjjang gaseyo. Go straight to the end of this road.

gotkkot 곳곳 /곧꼳/ [곳 place + 곳 place] NOUN = here and there (SYN. 여기저기, 이곳저곳)

시내 곳곳을 돌아다녔어요. Sinae gotkkoseul doradanyeosseoyo. I went around all over the city.

gotong 고통 [苦 bitter + 痛 painful] NOUN = pain, agony (SYN. 괴로움, 아픔)

물고기도 고통을 느끼나요? Mulkkogido gotongeul neukkinayo? Do fish feel pain, too?

gotongseureoptta 고통스럽다 /고통스럽따/ [苦 bitter + 痛 painful + 스럽다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = painful, agonizing

몇 시간씩 서 있으니 고통스러웠어요. Myeot ssiganssik seo isseuni gotongseureowosseoyo. It was painful to keep standing for hours.

gotpparo 곧바로 /곧빠로/ [곧 soon + 바로 straight] ADVERB = right away, straight (SYN. 곧장)

왜 곧바로 말하지 않았어요? Wae gotpparo malhaji anasseoyo? Why didn’t you tell me straight away?

gottta 곧다 /곧따/ ADJECTIVE = straight (SYN. 바르다² 2)

등을 곧게 펴라. Deungeul gotkke pyeora. Keep your back straight.

*goyangi 고양이 NOUN = cat

왜 갑자기 고양이를 키우겠다는 거니? Wae gapjjagi goyangireul kiugetttaneun geoni? What’s the sudden interest in getting a cat?

goyohada 고요하다 ADJECTIVE = quiet, tranquil, calm (SYN. 조용하다)

집 안은 아주 고요했어요. Ji baneun aju goyohaesseoyo. It was very quiet in the house.

*gu 구¹ [九 nine] NUMERAL = nine

9번 문제의 답이 뭐니? Gu beon munjee dabi mwoni? What’s the answer to question number 9?

gu 구² [區 district] NOUN = gu, borough

마포구 mapogu Mapo-gu

NOTE: 구 is smaller than 시 or city in size, but bigger than 동.

gubun(hada) 구분 (하다) [區 distinguish + 分 divide] I NOUN = division, separation (SYN. 구별) II VERB = divide, classify (SYN. 구별하다)

진짜인지 가짜인지 구분이 힘드네요. Jinjjainji gajjainji gubuni himdeuneyo. It’s hard to tell if it’s original or fake.

gubyeol(hada) 구별 (하다) [區 distinguish + 別 different] I NOUN = distinction (SYN. 구분) II VERB = distinguish (SYN. 구분하다)

꿈과 현실을 구별하지 못하는 사람이 가끔 있어요. Kkumgwa hyeonsireul gubyeolhaji motaneun sarami gakkeu misseoyo. Some people can’t distinguish between dream and reality.

guchejeok 구체적 [具 equip + 體 body + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = detailed, concrete

좀 더 구체적인 예를 들어 주세요. Jom deo guchejeogin yereul deureo juseyo. Please give me a more specific example.

gucheong 구청 [區 district + 廳 hall] NOUN = gu office, borough office

마포구청 mapogucheong Mapo-gu office

guchida 굳히다 /구치다/ VERB = decide, solidify

남편과 저는 아이를 낳지 않기로 마음을 굳혔어요. Nampyeongwa jeoneun aireul nachi ankiro maeumeul gucheosseoyo. My husband and I decided not to have a baby.

NOTE: Be careful of the pronunciation of 굳히다.

*gudu 구두 [from Japanese kutsu 靴] NOUN = shoes

구두 닦으세요. Gudu dakkeuseyo. Shine your shoes.

NOTE: 구두 refers to formal dress shoes.

gugeo 국어 /구거/ [國 country + 語 language] NOUN = native language

저는 고등학교에서 국어를 가르칩니다. Jeoneun godeunghakkkyoeseo gugeoreul gareuchimnida. I teach Korean at a high school.

*gugyeong(hada) 구경 (하다) I NOUN = sightseeing II VERB = see (the sights), look around

서울은 구경할 곳이 많아요. Seoureun gugyeonghal kkosi manayo. Seoul has many interesting places to visit.

도와 드릴까요? - 아뇨, 그냥 구경하는 중이에요. Dowa deurilkkayo? - Anyo, geunyang gugyeonghaneun jungieyo. Can I help you? - No, thanks. I’m just looking around.

guhada 구하다¹ [求 seek + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB

1 = seek

직원 구함 jigwon guham Help Wanted

2 = get

직장 구하셨어요? Jikjjang guhasyeosseoyo? Did you get a job?

guhada 구하다² [救 save + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = rescue, save (SYN. 살리다)

구해 주세요! Guhae juseyo! Help me!

guip(ada) 구입 (하다) [購 buy + 入 in] I NOUN = purchase II VERB = purchase (SYN. 사다)

제품 구입에 관한 질문은 어디로 해야 하죠? Jepum guibe gwanhan jilmuneun eodiro haeya hajyo? Who should I contact for questions on product purchase?

guji 굳이 /구지/ ADVERB = firmly, obstinately

다른 일이 있으면 굳이 오시지 않아도 됩니다. Dareu niri isseumyeon guji osiji anado doemnida. Don’t feel obliged to come if you have something to do.

NOTE: Be careful not to pronounce 굳이 as / 구디 gudi /. Some people make the mistake of writing it 구지, as it sounds.

gujo 구조 [構 compose + 造 make] NOUN = structure

이 문장은 구조가 좀 이상한데. I munjangeun gujoga jom isanghande. The structure of this sentence is a little bit strange.

guk 국 NOUN = Korean soup

국에 머리카락이 있어요. Guge meorikaragi isseoyo. There’s a hair in my soup.

gukjje 국제 /국쩨/ [國 country + 際 among] DETERMINER = international

국제 전화 걸려면 어떻게 해야 합니까? Gukjje jeonhwa geollyeomyeon eotteoke haeya hamnikka? How can I make an international call?

gukjjehwa 국제화 /국쩨화/ [國 country + 際 among + 化 change] NOUN = internationalization

국제화 시대에 영어는 매우 중요해요. Gukjjehwa sidaee yeongeoneun maeu jungyohaeyo. In this era of globalization, English is very important.

gukjjejeok 국제적 /국쩨적/ [國 country + 際 among + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = international

그 사람은 국제적으로 잘 알려져 있어요. Geu sarameun gukjjejeogeuro ja rallyeojeo isseoyo. He is internationally well-known.

gukjjeok 국적 /국쩍/ [國 country + 籍 writing → writing of what country you belong to] NOUN = nationality, citizenship

국적이 어디세요? Gukjjeogi eodiseyo? What’s your nationality?

gukkka 국가 /국까/ [國 country + 家 family] NOUN = nation, country (SYN. 나라)

현재 많은 아시아 국가들이 경제 위기를 겪고 있습니다. Hyeonjae maneu nasia gukkkadeuri gyeongje wigireul gyeokkko itsseumnida. Many Asian countries are undergoing economic depression today.

gukkkajeok 국가적 /국까적/ [國 country + 家 family + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = national (relating to a country)

국가적으로 중요한 문제 gukkkajeogeuro jungyohan munje an issue of national importance

gukkki 국기 /국끼/ [國 country + 旗 flag → a flag representing a certain country] NOUN = national flag

국기 달았니? Gukkki daranni? Did you hoist the national flag?

gukoe 국회 /구쾨/ [國 country + 會 meet → an organization through which people meet and gather to discuss national affairs] NOUN = National Assembly

정기 국회가 내일 열립니다. Jeonggi gukoega naeil yeollimnida. The regular session of the National Assembly opens tomorrow.

gukoeuiwon 국회의원 /구쾨의원/ [國 country + 會 meet + 議 discuss + 員 people] NOUN = member of the National Assembly

삼촌은 국회의원이세요. Samchoneun gukoeuiwoniseyo. My uncle is in the National Assembly.

gukssa 국사 /국싸/ [國 country + 史 record → a record of country’s history] NOUN = Korean history

국사는 제가 제일 좋아하는 과목이에요. Gukssaneun jega jeil joahaneun gwamogieyo. Korean history is my favorite subject.

gukssan 국산 /국싼/ [國 country + 産 produce → produced goods from one’s own country] NOUN, DETERMINER = domestic (product) (ANT. 외제)

이 제품은 국산 기술로 만들었어요. I jepumeun gukssan gisullo mandeureosseoyo. This product has been made with domestic technology.

gukssu 국수 /국쑤/ NOUN = noodles

이 국수 정말 맛있네요. I gukssu jeongmal madinneyo. These noodles are really good.

IDIOM

gukssureul meokkke hae juda 국수(를) 먹게 해 주다 = tie the knot

언제 국수 먹게 해 줄 거예요? Eonje gukssu meokkke hae jul kkeoyeyo? When are you tying the knot?

guktta 굵다 /국따/ ADJECTIVE = thick, big (ANT. 가늘다)

고기를 굵게 썰어 주세요. Gogireul gulkke sseoreo juseyo. Slice the meat thick, please.

NOTE: 굵다 and 가늘다 are used only to refer to things that are long in shape.

gumeong 구멍 NOUN = hole, pit

소매에 큰 구멍이 나 있어요. Somaee keun gumeongi na isseoyo. There is a big hole in the sleeve.

gumtta 굶다 /굼따/ VERB = starve, skip a meal

오늘 입맛이 없어서 점심을 굶었어요. Oneul immasi eopsseoseo jeomsimeul gulmeosseoyo. I skipped lunch today because I didn’t have an appetite.

gun 군 [軍 military] NOUN = army (SYN. 군대)

아들 아이는 군에 있어요. Adeul aineun gune isseoyo. My son is in the military service.

gundae 군대 [軍 military + 隊 group] NOUN = armed forces (SYN. 군)

한국 남자들은 모두 군대에 가야 해요. Hangung namjadeureun modu gundaee gaya haeyo. All Korean men must serve in the military.

gunde 군데 DEPENDENT NOUN = unit of counting places

몇 해 전에 커피숍이 몇 군데 생겼어요. Myeo tae jeone keopisyobi myeot kkunde saenggyeosseoyo. A few coffee shops opened several years ago.

NOTE: Put pure Korean numerals (한, 두, 세, 네, 다섯, …) before 군데.

gunggeukjjeok 궁극적 /궁극쩍/ [窮 end + 極 extreme + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = ultimate, eventual

제 인생의 궁극적 목표는 행복이에요. Je insaenge gunggeukjjeok mokpyoneun haengbogieyo. The ultimate goal of my life is happiness.

gunggeumhada 궁금하다 ADJECTIVE = curious

궁금한 게 있으면 물어보세요. Gunggeumhan ge isseumyeon mureoboseyo. Ask if you have any questions.

gungmin 국민 /궁민/ [國 country + 民 people] NOUN = nation, people

국가의 주인은 국민이다. Gukkkae juineun gungminida. A country belongs to the people.

gungmul 국물 /궁물/ [국 soup + 물 water] NOUN = soup water

국물이 옷에 튀었어요. Gungmuri ose twieosseoyo. The soup splattered on my clothes.

gungnae 국내 /궁내/ [國 country + 內 inside] NOUN = the interior of a country

나는 국내 영화보다 외국 영화가 더 좋아. Naneun gungnae yeonghwaboda oeguk yeonghwaga deo joa. I like foreign movies better than domestic ones.

gungnip 국립 /궁닙/ [國 country + 立 build] NOUN = national establishment (ANT. 사립)

다음 정류장은 국립 박물관입니다. Daeum jeongnyujangeun gungnip bangmulgwanimnida. The next stop is the National Museum.

*gunin 군인 /구닌/ [軍 military + 人 people] NOUN = soldier, military personnel

한국에는 군인이 몇 명이나 있습니까? Hangugeneun gunini myeon myeongina itsseumnikka? How many servicemen are there in Korea?

gupida 굽히다 /구피다/ [굽다 bend + 히 causative suffix] VERB = bend, stoop (SYN. 숙이다)

동전을 주우려고 허리를 굽히다 바지가 찢어져 버렸어요. Dongjeoneul juuryeogo heorireul gupida bajiga jjijeojeo beoryeosseoyo. I tore my pants when I bent over to pick up a coin.

guptta 굽다 /굽따/ VERB = roast, grill

어디서 고기 굽는 냄새가 나요. Eodiseo gogi gumneun naemsaega nayo. I smell barbecue somewhere.

gureuda 구르다 VERB = roll (over)

공이 언덕 아래로 굴러 내려갔어요. Gongi eondeo garaero gulleo naeryeogasseoyo. The ball rolled down the hill.

*gureum 구름 NOUN = cloud

저 구름 좀 봐. 곧 비가 올 거 같아. Jeo gureum jom bwa. Got biga ol geo gata. Look at all those clouds. I think it’s about to rain.

guseok 구석 NOUN = corner

구석 자리에 앉자. Guseok jjarie anjja. Let’s sit in the corner.

guseokkkuseok 구석구석 /구석꾸석/ [구석 corner + 구석 corner → from corner to corner] NOUN = down to the last detail

구석구석 다 찾아봤어요? Guseokkkuseok da chajabwasseoyo? Have you searched in every possible place?

guseong(hada) 구성 (하다) [構 compose + 成 accomplish] I NOUN = composition II VERB = compose, form

그 사람 글은 다 구성이 좋아요. Geu saram geureun da guseongi joayo. All his writings are well organized.

guseongdoeda 구성되다 [構 compose + 成 accomplish + 되다 become] VERB = be composed, be formed

축구는 한 팀이 11명으로 구성됩니다. Chukkkuneun han timi yeolhan myeongeuro guseongdoemnida. A football team is made up of 11 players.

*gusip 구십 [九 nine + 十 ten → nine times ten] NUMERAL = ninety

내일 비가 올 가능성이 90퍼센트 이상이에요. Naeil biga ol ganeungsseongi gusip peosenteu isangieyo. There’s more than a 90 percent chance of rain tomorrow.

gusok(ada) 구속 (하다) [拘 restrain + 束 bind] I NOUN = imprisonment II VERB = imprison

결혼은 구속이에요. Gyeolhoneun gusogieyo. Marriage is imprisonment.

guttta 굳다 /굳따/ I VERB = harden, solidify

비 온 뒤에 땅이 굳는다. Bi on dwie ttangi gunneunda. After the storm comes the calm (Korean proverb).

II ADJECTIVE = hard, stiff, firm

다시는 술을 마시지 않겠다고 굳게 결심했어요. Dasineun sureul masiji anketttago gutkke gyeolssimhaesseoyo. I’ve made up my mind never to drink again.

*guwol 구월 [九 nine + 月 month → ninth month] NOUN = September

새 학기가 9월에 시작됩니다. Sae hakkkiga guwore sijakttoemnida. The new semester starts in September.

guyeok 구역 [區 district + 域 area] NOUN = area, district

흡연 구역은 어디입니까? Heubyeon guyeogeun eodiimnikka? Where is the smoking area?

*gwa 과¹ PARTICLE

1 = and

점심으로 김밥과 라면을 먹었어요. Jeomsimeuro gimbapkkwa ramyeoneul meogeosseoyo. I had gimbap and ramen for lunch.

2 = with

저도 당신 생각과 같아요. Jeodo dangsin saenggakkkwa gatayo. I agree with you.

NOTE: A noun with a consonant ending combines with 과, while a noun with a vowel ending combines with 와.

*gwa 과² [課 lesson] DEPENDENT NOUN = lesson, chapter

오늘 몇 과 할 차례지? Oneul myeot kkwa hal charyeji? Which chapter are we on today?

NOTE: Put sino-Korean numerals (일, 이, 삼, 사, 오, …) before 과.

gwa 과³ [科 section] NOUN = department, major (SYN. 학과)

무슨 과에 다니세요? Museun gwae daniseyo? What’s your major?

*gwaenchanta 괜찮다 /괜찬타/ ADJECTIVE = fine, okay

괜찮아요. Gwaenchanayo. I’m okay.

gwaenhi 괜히 ADVERB = in vain, for no reason

괜히 샀나 봐. Gwaenhi sanna bwa. I shouldn’t have bought it.

gwageo 과거 [過 pass + 去 go → the time that has already passed] NOUN = the past, past (SYN. 지난날)

과거의 실수를 반복하지 않을 거야. Gwageoe silssureul banbokaji aneul kkeoya. I won’t repeat the mistakes of the past.

gwahak 과학 [科 subject + 學 study] NOUN = science

저는 어릴 때부터 과학에 관심이 많았어요. Jeoneun eoril ttaebuteo gwahage gwansimi manasseoyo. I’ve been interested in science since I was a child.

gwahakjja 과학자 /과학짜/ [科 subject + 學 study + 者 person] NOUN = scientist

그는 오늘날 가장 유명한 과학자 중 한 명이다. Geuneun oneullal gajang yumyeonghan gwahakjja jung han myeongida. He is one of the most famous scientists today.

gwahakjjeok 과학적 /과학쩍/ [科 subject + 學 study + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = scientific

이 현상에 대해 과학적으로 설명이 불가능해요. I hyeonsange daehae gwahakjjeogeuro seolmyeongi bulganeunghaeyo. Science can’t explain this phenomenon.

*gwail 과일 NOUN = fruit

시장에서 과일과 계란을 좀 살 거야. Sijangeseo gwailgwa gyeraneul jom sal kkeoya. I’m going to buy some fruit and eggs at the market.

*gwaja 과자 [菓 cookie + 子 thing] NOUN = cookie

과자 내 거 좀 남겨 둬. Gwaja nae geo jom namgyeo dwo. Leave some cookies for me.

gwajang 과장 [課 section + 長 chief] NOUN = section chief

과장 되신 거 축하드립니다. Gwajang doesin geo chukadeurimnida. Congratulations! You’re now a manager.

NOTE: See the note on 부장 bujang.

gwaje 과제 [課 lesson + 題 question → a set of questions raised from a lesson, which you are supposed to solve] NOUN = assignment (SYN. 숙제)

그 과제 언제까지 해야 하죠? Geu gwaje eonjekkaji haeya hajyo? What’s the due date for that assignment?

gwajeong 과정¹ [過 pass + 程 road] NOUN = process

과정도 결과만큼 중요해요. Gwajeongdo gyeolgwamankeum jungyohaeyo. The process is as important as the results.

gwajeong 과정² [課 lesson + 程 road] NOUN = course (of study)

전 과정을 마치는 데 6개월 정도 걸립니다. Jeon gwajeongeul machineun de yuk kkaewol jeongdo geollimnida. It takes around six months to complete the course.

gwallam(hada) 관람 (하다) /괄람 (하다) / [觀 see + 覽 look around] I NOUN = watching, viewing II VERB = see, watch

오늘 단체로 영화 관람을 했어요. Oneul danchero yeonghwa gwallameul haesseoyo. We went to a movie in a group today.

gwallamgaek 관람객 /괄람객/ [觀 see + 覽 look around + 客 customer] NOUN = spectator

동물원 관람객들은 동물에게 먹이를 주지 말라는 주의를 받습니다. Dongmurwon gwallamgaektteureun dongmurege meogireul juji mallaneun juireul batsseumnida. Visitors at the zoo are reminded not to feed the animals.

gwalli(hada) 관리 (하다) /괄리 (하다) / [管 manage + 理 arrange] I NOUN = administration II VERB = administer, supervise

제 일은 직원들을 관리하는 거예요. Je ireun jigwondeureul gwallihaneun geoyeyo. My job is to supervise the staff.

gwallyeon(hada) 관련 (하다) /괄련 (하다) / [關 relate + 聯 connect] I NOUN = relation, connection (SYN. 관계, 연관) II VERB = be related

저는 이 사고와 관련이 없어요. Jeoneun i sagowa gwallyeoni eopsseoyo. I have nothing to do with this accident.

계약과 관련해서 드릴 말씀이 있습니다. Gyeyakkkwa gwallyeonhaeseo deuril malsseumi itsseumnida. I would like to talk to you regarding the contract.

NOTE: 관련하다 is usually used as - 와/과 관련 한, - 와/과 관련해.

gwamok 과목 [科 subject + 目 article] NOUN = subject

네가 가장 좋아하는 과목은 뭐니? Nega gajang joahaneun gwamogeun mwoni? What’s your favorite subject?

gwanchal(hada) 관찰 (하다) [觀 observe + 察 watch] I NOUN = observation II VERB = observe

새를 관찰하는 것은 꽤 흥미로운 일이에요. Saereul gwanchalhaneun geoseun kkwae heungmirou nirieyo. Observing birds is quite interesting.

gwanduda 관두다 = 그만두다 geumanduda

gwangaek 관객 [觀 see + 客 customer → customers who see a performance or a movie] NOUN = audience

그 공연에는 관객이 거의 없었다. Geu gongyeoneneun gwangaegi geoi eopsseottta. There were only a few people in the audience at the concert.

gwanggo 광고 [廣 broad + 告 tell → a notice for telling something to the public] NOUN = advertisement, commercial (SYN. 선전)

신문에 내신 광고에 대해 몇 가지 질문이 있는데요. Sinmune naesin gwanggoe daehae myeot kkaji jilmuni inneundeyo. We have a few questions about your ad in the newspaper.

gwanggyeong 광경 [光 scenery + 景 sunlight] NOUN = sight, scene, spectacle

저는 그 광경을 직접 봤어요. Jeoneun geu gwanggyeongeul jikjjeop bwasseoyo. I saw the scene with my own eyes.

gwangjang 광장 [廣 broad + 場 place → a large place where people gather] NOUN = square, plaza

>2002년 월드컵 때 수많은 시민들이 시청 앞 광장에 모였어요. Icheoni nyeo nwoldeukeop ttae sumaneun simindeuri sicheong ap gwangjange moyeosseoyo. A huge number of citizens gathered in the square in front of City Hall during the 2002 World Cup.

gwangwang(hada) 관광 (하다) [觀 see + 光 scenery → the act of seeing the scenery of a place] I NOUN = tour, sightseeing II VERB = go sightseeing

오후에는 시내 관광을 할 생각이에요. Ohueneun sinae gwangwangeul hal ssaenggagieyo. I’m going on a city tour in the afternoon.

gwangwanggaek 관광객 [觀 see + 光 scenery + 客 customer] NOUN = tourist, sightseer

한국을 찾아오는 관광객의 수가 늘고 있어요. Hangugeul chajaoneun gwangwanggaege suga neulgo isseoyo. The number of tourists visiting Korea is increasing.

gwangwangji 관광지 [觀 see + 光 scenery + 地 place] NOUN = tourist attraction

가 볼 만한 관광지 좀 추천해 주세요. Ga bol manhan gwangwangji jom chucheonhae juseyo. Please recommend some good tourist attractions for me to visit.

gwangye 관계 [關 relate + 係 bind → a relation that is bound by something] NOUN = relation, relationship

저는 이 문제와 아무 관계가 없어요. Jeoneun i munjewa amu gwangyega eopsseoyo. I have nothing to do with this.

gwangyedoeda 관계되다 [關 relate + 係 bind + 되다 become] VERB = be related (to), be connected to

이건 학교의 명예와 관계되는 일이에요. Igeon hakkkyoe myeongyewa gwangyedoeneun nirieyo. This is related to the school’s reputation.

gwangyeeopssi 관계없이 /관계업씨/ [關 relate + 係 bind + 없이 without] ADVERB = regardless of

나이에 관계없이 누구나 지원할 수 있습니다. Naie gwangyeeopssi nuguna jiwonhal ssu itsseumnida. Anyone can apply regardless of age.

gwanhada 관하다 [關 relate + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = concerning, regarding (SYN. 대하다 2)

그 여자에 관해서는 한마디도 하고 싶지 않아요. Geu yeojae gwanhaeseoneun hanmadido hago sipjji anayo. I don’t want to say a word about her.

NOTE: 관하다 is usually used as - 에 관해 or - 에 관한.

gwanjjeom 관점 /관쩜/ [觀 see + 點 point] NOUN = point of view, viewpoint (SYN. 시각²)

이 문제는 보는 관점에 따라 달라요. I munjeneun boneun gwanjjeome ttara dallayo. This issue varies depending on what your viewpoint is.

gwanseup 관습 [慣 custom + 習 familiar] NOUN = custom, convention

오랜 관습을 깨는 일은 쉬운 일이 아니에요. Oraen gwanseubeul kkaeneu nireun swiu niri anieyo. It’s not easy to break an old custom.

gwansim 관심 [關 relate + 心 heart → the heart of relating oneself to another] NOUN = interest, concern

나는 차에는 별로 관심이 없어. Naneun chaeneun byeollo gwansimi eopsseo. I’m not very interested in cars.

gwansimsa 관심사 [關 relate + 心 heart + 事 work] NOUN = interest, concern

저의 주 관심사는 비용이에요. Jeoe ju gwansimsaneun biyongieyo. My main concern is the expense.

gwaoe 과외 [課 lesson + 外 except → extra lesson in addition to school classes] NOUN = private lesson

한국에서는 많은 학생들이 좋은 대학에 가기 위해 과외를 받아요. Hangugeseoneun maneun hakssaengdeuri joeun daehage gagi wihae gwaoereul badayo. In Korea, many students get private lessons to help them get into good universities.

gwayeon 과연 [果 result + 然 so] ADVERB = indeed, really

과연 듣던 대로구나. Gwayeon deuttteon daeroguna. It is indeed as I’ve heard.

gwi 귀 NOUN = ear

귀에 물이 들어갔어요. Gwie muri deureogasseoyo. I got water in my ears.

IDIOMS

gwiga ganjireoptta 귀가 간지럽다 = one’s ears are burning

누가 내 말 하고 다니나 봐. 귀가 간지러워. Nuga nae mal hago danina bwa. Gwiga ganjireowo. I think someone’s talking about me. My ears are burning.

gwiga ttagaptta 귀(가) 따갑다 = have heard sth a thousand times (SYN. 귀에 못이 박히다)

그 얘기라면 귀가 따갑도록 들었어요. Geu yaegiramyeon gwiga ttagapttorok deureosseoyo. I’ve heard that story a thousand times.

gwiga ppajida 귀(가) 빠지다 = be born

오늘은 바로 제 귀가 빠진 날이에요. Oneureun baro je gwiga ppajin narieyo. Today is my birthday.

gwiga yaltta 귀가 얇다 = be easily influenced by what others say

당신은 귀가 너무 얇아요. Dangsineun gwiga neomu yalbayo. You are too easily influenced by what people say.

gwie mosi bakida 귀에 못이 박히다 = be sick and tired of hearing sth (SYN. 귀가 따갑다)

엄마는 저에게 공부하라는 얘기를 귀에 못이 박힐 정도로 하세요. Eommaneun jeoege gongbuharaneun yaegireul gwie mosi bakil jjeongdoro haseyo. My mom tells me to study until I am sick and tired of it.

gwichanta 귀찮다 /귀찬타/ ADJECTIVE = troublesome, tiresome

나 좀 귀찮게 하지 마. 나 지금 바빠. Na jom gwichanke haji ma. Na jigeum bappa. Stop bothering me. I’m busy now.

gwiga(hada) 귀가 (하다) [歸 return + 家 house] I NOUN = returning home II VERB = return home

요즘은 일이 너무 많아서 귀가 시간이 늘 늦어요. Yojeumeun iri neomu manaseo gwiga sigani neul reujeoyo. I always return home late these days because of too much work.

gwigeori 귀걸이 /귀거리/ [귀 ear + 걸이 hanger → accessories you hang on your ears] NOUN = earring

지금 하고 계신 귀걸이 정말 예쁘네요! Jigeum hago gyesin gwigeori jeongmal ryeppeuneyo! Your earrings are so pretty!

gwiguk(ada) 귀국 (하다) [歸 return + 國 country] I NOUN = homecoming II VERB = return to one’s country

언제 귀국할 예정입니까? Eonje gwigukal ryejeongimnikka? When are you planning to return to your home country?

gwihada 귀하다 [貴 precious + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = precious, valuable, rare (SYN. 귀 중하다, 소중하다)

우리나라에서는 종이가 귀해요. Urinaraeseoneun jongiga gwihaeyo. Paper is a rarity in my country.

gwijunghada 귀중하다 [貴 precious + 重 important + 하다 adjectival suffix] ADJECTIVE = precious, valuable (SYN. 귀하다, 소중하다)

귀중한 물건은 카운터에 맡기세요. Gwijunghan mulgeoneun kaunteoe matkkiseyo. Keep your valuables at the counter.

gwisin 귀신 [鬼 ghost + 神 spirit] NOUN = ghost, spirit

귀신 믿으세요? Gwisin mideuseyo? Do you believe in ghosts?

gwissok 귓속 /귀쏙/ [귀 ear + ㅅ infix + 속 inside] NOUN = inside the ear

뭔가가 귓속으로 들어갔어. Mwongaga gwissogeuro deureogasseo. Something is in my ear.

gwiyeoptta 귀엽다 /귀엽따/ ADJECTIVE = cute

어머! 이 아이들 너무 귀엽다! Eomeo! I aideul neomu gwiyeoptta! Oh! These kids are so cute!

gwolli 권리 /궐리/ [權 authority + 利 helpful] NOUN = right, claim

모든 사람은 행복할 권리가 있어요. Modeun sarameun haengbokal kkwolliga isseoyo. Everyone has a right to be happy.

*gwon 권 [卷 volume] DEPENDENT NOUN = volume, book, copy (unit of counting books)

한 번에 세 권 이상은 대출이 안 됩니다. Han beone se gwon isangeun daechuri an doemnida. You cannot check out more than three books at a time.

NOTE: Put pure Korean numerals (한, 두, 세, 네, 다섯, …) before 권 to count books. If you say 일 권, 이 권, 세 권, it means volume 1, 2, 3.

gwonhada 권하다 [勸 recommend + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = recommend, offer, advise

한국어 선생님이 이 책을 권해 주셨어요. Hangugeo seonsaengnimi i chaegeul gwonhae jusyeosseoyo. My Korean teacher recommended this book to me.

gwontu 권투 [拳 fist + 鬪 fight → a fight using fists] NOUN = boxing

권투 시합 어떻게 됐어요? Gwontu sihap eotteoke dwaesseoyo? How did the boxing match go?

gwonwi 권위 /궈뉘/ [權 authority + 威 power] NOUN = authority

교사의 권위가 땅에 떨어진 지는 오래되었어요. Gyosae gwonwiga ttange tteoreojin jineun oraedoeeosseoyo. It’s been a while since the authority of teachers hit rock bottom.

gyae 걔 = shortened form of 그 애

오늘은 걔 빼고 우리만 가자. Oneureun gyae ppaego uriman gaja. Let’s just go by ourselves without him/her today.

gyecheung 계층 [階 step + 層 level] NOUN = class, stratum

사회 계층 sahoe gyecheung social stratum

gyedan 계단 [階 step + 段 column] NOUN = stairs, staircase

엘리베이터가 고장 났어요. 계단을 이용하세요. Ellibeiteoga gojjang nasseoyo. Gyedaneul iyonghaseyo. The elevator is out of service. Take the stairs.

gyegok 계곡 [溪 brook + 谷 valley] NOUN = valley (SYN. 골짜기)

계곡 냇물에 발 담그러 가자. Gyegok naenmure bal damgeureo gaja. Let’s go dip our feet in the stream at the valley.

*gyehoek(ada) 계획 (하다) [計 calculate + 劃 plan] I NOUN = plan II VERB = plan

내일 특별한 계획이 있니? Naeil teukppyeolhan gyehoegi inni? Do you have any special plans tomorrow?

*gyejeol 계절 [季 season + 節 season] NOUN = season

어떤 계절을 제일 좋아하세요? Eotteon gyejeoreul jeil joahaseyo? Which season do you like best?

gyejwa 계좌 [計 calculate + 座 seat] NOUN = account

저희 은행에 계좌가 있으신가요? Jeohi eunhaenge gyejwaga isseusingayo? Do you have an account with us?

gyeoktta 겪다 /격따/ VERB = experience, undergo, suffer (SYN. 경험하다)

내가 겪은 일들을 말로는 다 표현할 수가 없어요. Naega gyeokkeu nildeureul malloneun da pyohyeonhal ssuga eopsseoyo. No words can describe what I’ve experienced.

gyeolguk 결국 [結 finish + 局 situation] ADVERB = finally, after all

결국 네 사업을 시작한 거야? Gyeolguk ne saeobeul sijakan geoya? Did you finally start your own business?

gyeolgwa 결과 [結 finish + 果 result] NOUN = result, effect

경기 결과가 어떻게 됐어? Gyeonggi gyeolgwaga eotteoke dwaesseo? How did the game end?

gyeolgwajeok 결과적 [結 finish + 果 result + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = result

결과적으로는 오히려 잘됐어. Gyeolgwajeogeuroneun ohiryeo jaldwaesseo. In the end, it turned out for the best.

*gyeolhon(hada) 결혼 (하다) [結 tie + 婚 marry → the act of tying the knot] I NOUN = marriage (ANT. 이혼) II VERB = marry, get married (ANT. 이혼하다)

결혼한 지 얼마나 되셨어요? Gyeolhonhan ji eolmana doesyeosseoyo? How long have you been married?

NOTE: The English verb marry is a transitive verb. But the Korean word 결혼하다 combines with particle - 와/과.

*gyeolhonsik 결혼식 [結 tie + 婚 marry + 式 ceremony] NOUN = wedding ceremony

제 결혼식에 와 주셔서 감사합니다. Je gyeolhonsige wa jusyeoseo gamsahamnida. Thank you all for coming to my wedding.

gyeoljjeong(hada) 결정 (하다) /결쩡 (하다) / [決 decide + 定 decide] I NOUN = decision II VERB = decide

아직 결정 못 했어요. Ajik gyeoljjeong mo taesseoyo. We still haven’t made up our minds.

gyeoljjeongdoeda 결정되다 /결쩡되다/ [決 decide + 定 decide + 되다 become] VERB = be decided

그 문제에 대해서는 아직 아무것도 결정된 게 없어요. Geu munjee daehaeseoneun ajik amugeottto gyeoljjeongdoen ge eopsseoyo. Nothing has been decided about it.

gyeolko 결코 [決 decide + 코] ADVERB = never (SYN. 절대로)

제 남편은 결코 거짓말을 할 사람이 아니에요. Je nampyeoneun gyeolko geojinmareul hal ssarami anieyo. My husband is the last person to lie.

gyeollon 결론 [結 finish + 論 argue → the final judgement which finishes the argument] NOUN = conclusion

어떻게 그런 결론을 내리게 된 겁니까? Eotteoke geureon gyeolloneul naerige doen geomnikka? How did you arrive at that conclusion?

gyeolsseok(ada) 결석 (하다) /결썩, 결써카다/ [缺 absent + 席 seat] I NOUN = absence from school II VERB = be absent from school

어제는 왜 결석했니? Eojeneun wae gyeolsseokaenni? Why were you absent from class yesterday?

gyeolsseung 결승 /결씅/ [決 decide + 勝 win] NOUN = the final

우리 팀이 결승에 진출했어요. Uri timi gyeolsseunge jinchulhaesseoyo. Our team made it to the finals.

gyeolssim(hada) 결심 (하다) /결씸 (하다) / [決 decide + 心 heart] I NOUN = resolution II VERB = resolve, decide

아내와 이혼하기로 결심했어요. Anaewa ihonhagiro gyeolssimhaesseoyo. I’ve made up my mind to divorce my wife.

gyeondida 견디다 VERB = endure, bear, stand (SYN. 참다 2)

이렇게 더운 날씨는 견디기 힘들어요. I-reoke deoun nalssineun gyeondigi himdeureoyo. It’s hard to stand this hot weather.

gyeongbi 경비 [經 pass + 費 expend] NOUN = expense, cost, charge

경비가 생각보다 많이 들었어요. Gyeongbiga saenggakppoda mani deureosseoyo. Expenses were bigger than expected.

*gyeongchal 경찰 [警 caution + 察 watch → people who watch over and caution people who break the law] NOUN = police, police officer

한 번 더 그러시면 경찰에 신고할 거예요. Han beon deo geureosimyeon gyeongchare singohal kkeoyeyo. If you do that once again, I’ll report it to the police.

*gyeongchalsseo 경찰서 /경찰써/ [警 caution + 察 watch + 署 department] NOUN = police station

가장 가까운 경찰서가 어디 있죠? Gajang gakkaun gyeongchalsseoga eodi itjjyo? Where is the nearest police station?

*gyeongchi 경치 [景 sunlight + 致 reach] NOUN = scenery, scene (SYN. 풍경)

경치가 정말 아름답지 않아요? Gyeongchiga jeongmal areumdapjji anayo? Isn’t the scenery so beautiful?

gyeonggi 경기 [競 compete + 技 skill] NOUN = game, match (SYN. 시합, 게임)

경기는 언제 끝나요? Gyeonggineun eonje kkeunnayo? When does the game finish?

gyeonggijang 경기장 [競 compete + 技 skill + 場 place] NOUN = stadium

선수들이 경기장에 입장하고 있어요. Seonsudeuri gyeonggijange ipjjanghago isseoyo. The players are entering the stadium.

gyeonggo(hada) 경고 (하다) [警 caution + 告 tell] I NOUN = warning II VERB = warn

의사는 나에게 술을 너무 많이 마시지 말라고 경고했다. Uisaneun naege sureul neomu mani masiji mallago gyeonggohaettta. The doctor warned me against drinking too much.

gyeongheom(hada) 경험 (하다) [經 pass + 驗 examine] I NOUN = experience II VERB = experience (SYN. 겪다)

은행에서 일한 경험이 있으세요? Eunhaengeseo ilhan gyeongheomi isseuseyo? Do you have any experience working in a bank?

gyeonghyang 경향 [傾 lean + 向 face] NOUN = tendency, trend

최근에는 사람들이 아이를 갖기를 피하는 경향이 있습니다. Choegeuneneun saramdeuri aireul gatkkireul pihaneun gyeonghyangi itsseumnida. Lately, people tend to be reluctant about having babies.

gyeongjaeng(hada) 경쟁 (하다) [競 compete + 爭 fight] I NOUN = competition, rivalry II VERB = compete, contend

요즘은 경쟁이 심해요. Yojeumeun gyeongjaengi simhaeyo. There’s so much competition going on these days.

gyeongje 경제 [經 regulate + 濟 cross → regulations regarding financial affairs] NOUN = economy

한국 경제는 더 이상 위기가 아닙니다. Hanguk kkyeongjeneun deo isang wigiga animnida. The Korean economy is no longer in crisis.

gyeongjehak 경제학 [經 regulate + 濟 cross + 學 study] NOUN = economics

제가 제일 좋아하는 과목이 경제학이었어요. Jega jeil joahaneun gwamogi gyeongjeha-gieosseoyo. My favorite subject was economics.

gyeongjejeok 경제적 [經 regulate + 濟 cross + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER

1 = economical

이 차는 아주 경제적이지만 내부가 조금 좁은 것 같아. I chaneun aju gyeongjejeogijiman naebuga jogeum jobeun geot gata. This car is very economical, but I feel a bit cramped in it.

2 = financial

저는 아직 경제적으로 부모님께 의지하고 있습니다. Jeoneun ajik gyeongjejeogeuro bumonimkke uijihago itsseumnida. I’m still financially dependent on my parents.

gyeongnyeok 경력 /경녁/ [經 pass + 歷 past → the courses you’ve passed through your past work experience] NOUN = career, work experience

나이는 상관없어요. 이 분야에 경력만 있으면 됩니다. Naineun sanggwaneopsseoyo. I bunyae gyeongnyeongman isseumyeon doemnida. Age doesn’t matter. You’re just required to have some experience in this field.

gyeongu 경우 [境 case + 遇 meet] NOUN = case, scenario

만일의 경우를 생각해서 돈을 좀 갖고 가라. Manire gyeongureul saenggakaeseo doneul jom gatkko gara. Take some money with you, just in case.

gyeongyeong(hada) 경영 (하다) [經 regulate + 營 manage] I NOUN = management II VERB = manage

그 백화점이 경영 위기라는 소문이 있습니다. Geu baekwajeomi gyeongyeong wigiraneun somuni itsseumnida. There’s a rumor of a managerial crisis at the department store.

gyeonhae 견해 [見 see + 解 untie] NOUN = view, opinion (SYN. 의견)

먼저 양쪽의 견해를 분명히 이해할 필요가 있습니다. Meonjeo yangjjoge gyeonhaereul bunmyeonghi ihaehal piryoga itsseumnida. First, we need to clearly understand both points of view.

gyeot 곁 /겯/ NOUN = sb’s side (SYN. 옆)

당신이 곁에 있어서 다행이에요. Dangsini gyeote isseoseo dahaengieyo. I am happy you are with me.

gyeou 겨우 ADVERB

1 = barely (SYN. 간신히)

어제 경기는 겨우 이겼어요. Eoje gyeonggineun gyeou igyeosseoyo. We scored a narrow win in yesterday’s match.

2 = only (SYN. 고작)

겨우 10분 남았어. Gyeou sip ppun namasseo. We only have ten minutes left.

*gyeoul 겨울 NOUN = winter

저는 겨울이 제일 좋아요. Jeoneun gyeouri jeil joayo. I like winter best.

gyeoulcheol 겨울철 [겨울 winter + 철 season] NOUN = wintertime

겨울철에는 피부가 건조해지기 쉬워요. Gyeoulcheoreneun pibuga geonjohaejigi swiwoyo. Skin tends to turn dry in winter.

*gyeran 계란 [鷄 chicken + 卵 egg] NOUN = hen’s egg (SYN. 달걀)

냉장고에 계란이 몇 개 있어요? Naengjanggoe gyerani myeot kkae isseoyo? How many eggs are there in the refrigerator?

gyesan(hada) 계산 (하다) [計 calculate + 算 count] I NOUN = calculation; VERB = calculate

제가 계산 실수를 했나 봐요. Jega gyesan silssureul haenna bwayo. I must have miscalculated. II NOUN = pay; VERB = pay (SYN. 내다¹ 2)

제가 계산하겠습니다. Jega gyesanhagetsseumnida. I’ll pay the bill.

gyesandae 계산대 [計 calculate + 算 count + 臺 stage] NOUN = counter, checkout (SYN. 카운터)

물건들을 계산대에 올려 놓아 주세요. Mulgeondeureul gyesanttaee ollyeo noa juseyo. Please put your things on the checkout counter.

gyesangi 계산기 [計 calculate + 算 count + 器 tool] NOUN = calculator

계산기 좀 빌릴 수 있을까요? Gyesangi jom billil ssu isseulkkayo? Can I borrow your calculator?

gyesanseo 계산서 [計 pay + 算 count + 書 writing] NOUN = check, bill

계산서가 잘못된 거 같아요. Gyesanseoga jalmotttoen geo gatayo. I think there’s a mistake in my bill.

*gyesida 계시다¹ ADJECTIVE, VERB = be, stay (honorific of 있다¹)

토요일 오전에는 집에 계세요? Toyoil ojeoneneun jibe gyeseyo? Will you be home on Saturday morning?

gyesida 계시다² AUXILIARY VERB, AUXILIARY ADJECTIVE

1 = be doing (honorific of 있다² 1)

지금까지 뭐 하고 계셨어요? Jigeumkkaji mwo hago gyesyeosseoyo? What have you been doing so far?

2 = be in a state, remain (honorific of 있다² 2)

할머니는 아직 살아 계세요. Halmeonineun ajik ssara gyeseyo. My grandmother is still alive.

NOTE: When 계시다 is used with meaning 1, it appears as - 고 계시다, usually after a verb. When it is used with meaning 2, it appears as - 아/어/여 계시다, usually after an intransitive verb.

*gyesok 계속 [繼 continue + 續 continue] ADVERB = continuously

계속 열심히 해라. Gyesok yeolssimhi haera. Keep on trying your best.

*gyesokada 계속하다 /계소카다/ [繼 continue + 續 continue + 하다 verbal suffix] VERB = continue, go on (ANT. 중단하다)

우리는 새벽까지 얘기를 계속했어요. Urineun saebyeokkkaji yaegireul gyesokaesseoyo. We talked until day broke.

gyesokttoeda 계속되다 /계속뙤다/ [繼 continue + 續 continue + 되다 become] VERB = continue, be continued

비가 많이 왔지만 경기는 계속되었다. Biga mani watjjiman gyeonggineun gyesokttoeeottta. In spite of the heavy rain, the game went on.

gyeyak(ada) 계약 (하다) [契 contract + 約 contract] I NOUN = contract II VERB = contract

아쉽지만 계약을 취소해야겠습니다. Aswipjjiman gyeyageul chwisohaeyagetsseumnida. I’m afraid I’ll have to cancel the contract.

gyeyaksseo 계약서 /계약써/ [契 contract + 約 contract + 書 writing] NOUN = written contract

서명하기 전에 계약서를 주의해서 읽어 보세요. Seomyeonghagi jeone gyeyaksseoreul juihaeseo ilgeo boseyo. Read the contract carefully before you sign it.

gyobok 교복 [校 school + 服 clothes] NOUN = school uniform

학생은 교복을 입어야 한다고 생각하세요? Hakssaengeun gyobogeul ibeoya handago saenggakaseyo? Do you think students should wear school uniforms?

gyoche(hada) 교체 (하다) [交 coming and going + 替 replace] I NOUN = replacement, change II VERB = change, replace

새 걸로 교체하시는 게 낫겠어요. Sae geollo gyochehasineun ge natkkesseoyo. I think you’d better replace it with a new one.

gyodae(hada) 교대 (하다) [交 coming and going + 代 take the place of] I NOUN = rotation II VERB = take turns, rotate

아내와 제가 교대로 운전했어요. Anaewa jega gyodaero unjeonhaesseoyo. My wife and I took turns driving.

*gyogwaseo 교과서 [敎 teach + 科 subject + 書 book → a book that teaches a particular subject] NOUN = textbook

교과서 좀 잠깐 빌릴 수 있을까? Gyogwaseo jom jamkkan billil ssu isseulkka? Can I borrow your textbook for a moment?

*gyohoe 교회 [敎 teach + 會 gather → a place where Christian messages are taught to a gathered group of people] NOUN = church

일요일에는 거의 하루 종일 교회에 있어요. Iryoireneun geoi haru jongil gyohoee isseoyo. I am at church almost all day long on Sundays.

gyohun 교훈 [敎 teach + 訓 teach] NOUN = lesson, moral

이번 경험이 너에게 좋은 교훈이 될 거야. Ibeon gyeongheomi neoege joeun gyohuni doel kkeoya. This experience will be a good lesson for you.

gyohwan(hada) 교환 (하다) [交 coming and going + 換 exchange] I NOUN = exchange II VERB = exchange, swap

다른 책으로 교환하고 싶으신 거죠? Dareun chaegeuro gyohwanhago sipeusin geojyo? So you want to exchange it for a different book?

gyojae 교재 [敎 teach + 材 material] NOUN = teaching material, textbook

교재는 교내 서점에서 구입할 수 있습니다. Gyojaeneun gyonae seojeomeseo guipal ssu itsseumnida. You can get the textbook at the campus bookstore.

gyojang 교장 [校 school + 長 chief → the chief of school] NOUN = principal

화장실에서 담배 피우다 교장 선생님한테 걸렸어요. Hwajangsireseo dambae piuda gyojang seonsaengnimhante geollyeosseoyo. I got caught smoking in the restroom by the principal.

gyojik 교직 [敎 teach + 職 job] NOUN = teaching profession

아버지는 35년 동안 교직에 계셨어요. Abeojineun samsibo nyeon dongan gyojige gyesyeosseoyo. My father has been a teacher for 35 years.

gyomun 교문 [校 school + 門 gate] NOUN = school gate

수업 끝나고 교문 앞에서 보자. Sueop kkeunnago gyomun apeseo boja. Let’s meet at the school gate after school.

gyonae 교내 [校 school + 內 inside] NOUN = within school, on campus

교내에서는 절대 금연입니다. Gyonaeeseoneun jeolttae geumyeonimnida. Smoking is strictly prohibited within the school compound.

gyooe 교외 [郊 field + 外 outside → an area outside the center of a city] NOUN = suburb, outskirt

나 교외로 이사했어. Na gyooero isahaesseo. I moved out to the suburbs.

gyoryu 교류 [交 coming and going + 流 stream] NOUN = exchange, interchange

최근에 남북 간의 교류가 활발해지고 있어요. Choegeune nambuk gane gyoryuga hwalbalhaejigo isseoyo. Recently, there are more active interactions between North and South Korea.

gyosa 교사 [敎 teach + 師 skilled person] NOUN = schoolteacher (SYN. 선생)

저는 교사가 되고 싶어요. Jeoneun gyosaga doego sipeoyo. I want to be a teacher.

gyosi 교시 [校 school + 時 time] DEPENDENT NOUN = period, class

1교시 끝나고 나서 아프기 시작했어요. Il gyosi kkeunnago naseo apeugi sijakaesseoyo. I started to feel sick after the first period.

NOTE: Put sino-Korean numerals (일, 이, 삼, 사, 오, …) before 교시.

*gyosil 교실 [敎 teach + 室 room] NOUN = classroom

저는 항상 교실 맨 뒤쪽 자리에 앉아요. Jeoneun hangsang gyosil maen dwijjok jarie anjayo. I always sit at the very back of the classroom.

*gyosu 교수 [敎 teach + 授 give → people who give teachings at a college] NOUN = professor

교수님은 현재 외출 중이세요. Gyosunimeun hyeonjae oechul jjungiseyo. The professor is out at the moment.

*gyotong 교통 [交 coming and going + 通 go through] NOUN = traffic

이곳은 교통이 안 좋아서 살기 불편해. Igoseun gyotongi an joaseo salgi bulpyeonhae. Living here is quite inconvenient because of a poor transportation system.

gyotongsago 교통사고 [交 company + 通 go through + 事 work + 故 ancient] NOUN = traffic accident

오는 길에 교통사고가 있었어요. Oneun gire gyotongsagoga isseosseoyo. There was a traffic accident on the way.

gyoyang 교양 [敎 teach + 養 cultivate → cultivation of various teachings in different fields] NOUN = refinement

그 남자처럼 교양 없는 사람은 처음이야. Geu namjacheoreom gyoyang eomneun sarameun cheoeumiya. He was the most uncultured man I’ve ever met.

gyoyuk(ada) 교육 (하다) [敎 teach + 育 train] I NOUN = education II VERB = educate (SYN. 가르치다)

한국은 전반적으로 교육 수준이 높은 편이에요. Hangugeun jeonbanjeogeuro gyoyuk ssujuni nopeun pyeonieyo. The overall educational standard in Korea is rather high.

gyuchik 규칙 [規 law + 則 rule] NOUN = rule, domination

축구에서 손을 쓰는 건 규칙 위반이야. Chukkkueseo soneul sseuneun geon gyuchi gwibaniya. Using hands in soccer is against the rule.

gyuchikjjeok 규칙적 /규칙쩍/ [規 law + 則 rule + 的 of] NOUN, DETERMINER = regular

규칙적으로 운동하고 잘 드세요. Gyuchikjjeogeuro undonghago jal deuseyo. Exercise regularly and maintain a healthy diet.

gyujeong 규정 [規 law + 定 decide → a general set of laws people decide to keep] NOUN = rule, regulation

우리 회사는 규정이 아주 엄격합니다. Uri hoesaneun gyujeongi aju eomkkyeokamnida. Our company has very strict regulations.

gyul 귤 [橘 tangerine] NOUN = mandarin, tangerin

이 귤은 껍질이 두꺼워서 까기가 힘들어요. I gyureun kkeopjjiri dukkeowoseo kkagiga himdeureoyo. This tangerine has such a thick skin that it’s hard to peel it.

gyumo 규모 [規 law + 模 pattern] NOUN = scale, size

회사 규모가 어느 정도 되세요? Hoesa gyumoga eoneu jeongdo doeseyo? How large is your company?

gyunhyeong 균형 [均 equal + 衡 measure → the state in which everything is in equal measure] NOUN = balance, equilibrium

일과 가정 사이에서 균형을 맞추는 건 쉬운 일이 아니에요. Ilgwa gajeong saieseo gyunhyeongeul matchuneun geon swiun niri anieyo. It is never easy to find the right balance between work and family.