标准教程 STANDARD COURSE HSK 2

要

When used before a verb, it indicates the desire to do something.
  1. 王方要学习英语。
  2. 我要吃米饭。
  3. 我们要不要买几个新的椅子?
Its negative form is usually 不想.
  1. 小王要去, 我不想去。
  2. A: 你要吃米饭吗?
    B: 我不想吃米饭。
  3. A: 我要去商店买椅子,你去吗?
    B: 我不去,我不想买椅子。

最

It means being the first among things of the same kind or in a certain aspect.
  1. 大卫的汉语最好
  2. 我最喜欢吃米饭。
  3. 它的眼睛最漂亮。

几、多

expressions of approximate numbers. 几 can indicate an indefinite number less than 10, followed by a measure word.
  1. 车上有几个人。
  2. 我想买几本书。
  3. 我们要不要买几个新的椅子?
When “几” is used after “十”, it indicates a number greater than 10 but less than 20: “十几个人”(a dozen people or so);
when used before “十”, it indicates a number greater than 20 while less than 100: “几十个人”(dozens of people).
“多”can be used together with numeral-measure word phrases. When the numeral is less than 10, “多” should be put behind the measure word.
  1. 三个多星期
  2. 五个多
  3. 六个多月
When the numeral is an integer greater than 10, “多” is put before the measure word. In this case, “多” and “几” are interchangeable.
  1. 十多个月
  2. 二十多块钱
  3. 八十多个人

是不是 Question

If one raises a question and is somehow certain about a fact or situation, they can use this kind of question to confirm their guess. “是不是”(literally “yes or no") is usually used before the predicate or at the beginning or end of a sentence.
  1. 你很少生病, 是不是喜欢运动?
  2. 是不是明天爸爸休息?
  3. 我们星期一去北京, 是不是?

每

before a measure word, indicating each or every individual or group in the whole: “每天”(every day), “每年” (every year), “每个月” (every month) and “每个星期” (every week).
  1. 山姆每年都去中国旅游。
  2. 你每个星期六都工作吗?
  3. 我每天六点起床。

Interrogative 多

The interrogative pronoun 多 is used before an adjective, asking about the degree of something. A specific quantity should be given to answer the question.
  1. A: 你多大?
    B: 我16岁。
  2. A: 王医生的儿子多高?
    B: 他儿子一米七。
  3. A: 他多高?
    B: 一米八几。

的

can be used after a pronoun, an adjective or a verb to form a phrase which is equivalent to a nominal phrase with its headword omitted.
  1. 这本书不是我的。(=我的书)
  2. 这个杯子是昨天买的。(=昨天买的杯子)
  3. 这块手表是你的吗?(=你的手表)

一下

after a verb to indicate a short action, similar to the reduplicative form (AA) of a verb. The object of the verb can be omitted.
  1. 我看一下。
  2. 你休息一下吧。
  3. 我问一下老师。

真

"真+adjective" expresses an exclamatory mood, meaning "really, indeed".
  1. 你真好!
  2. 今天天气真好!
  3. 你女儿的房间真漂亮!