Teach Yourself Slovene

bančni uradnik 	bank clerk
rad (-a) bi... 		I'd like to…
zamenjal (-a) denar 	change some money 
x angleških funtov 	x English pounds 
pri sebi 		on you

potni list		passport
vozniško dovoljenje	driving licence 
morda			perhaps 
ki			which
vašo sliko		your photograph
star (-a, -o)		old 	
posvetovati se		consult
sodelavec: z mojim sodelavcem	colleague: with my colleague

Koliko je ura? (What is the time?)
Pamela Oprostite, koliko je ura?
Gospa Ura je točno ena.

Ura je...  The time is...
točno	   exactly

Dobro jutro, Janez pri telefonu. Je Bojan tam?
Good morning, Janez on the phone. Is Bojan there?

Trenutek, prosim. 	Just a moment, please. 
Vežem. 		Putting you through. 
Zasedeno je. 		It's engaged.
Želite počakati?	Do you wish to hold?

2 At a post office

Kje je pošta? Where is the post office?
pismo 		letter
razglednica	postcard 
kuverta	envelope 
znamka	stamp 
priporočeno	registered

Koliko stane...? 	How much is...? 
Koliko stanejo...?	How much are...? 
Koliko to stane?	How much is this?

3 At the bank

Kakšne barve je...? (What colour is ...?)

črn(∅/a/o) black
bel(∅/a/o) white
rdeč(∅/a/e) red
moder modr(a/o) blue
rumen(∅/a/o) yellow
zelen(∅/a/o) green
rjav(∅/a/o) brown
siv(∅/a/o) grey
oranžen oranžn(a/o) orange

5 Adverbs

6 Reflexive verbs

7 Prvi, drugi, tretji... (First, second, third...)

8 Cases

Nominative/Accusative

• Feminine nouns ending in -a change their ending to -o. (In the first example above, študentska izkaznica changes to študentsko izkaznico)
• Masculine nouns denoting non-living objects do not change their endings. (In the second example above, poštni nabiralnik remains poštni nabiralnik)
• Masculine nouns denoting living objects change their ending to -a. (In the third example above, prijatelj Milan changes to prijatelja Milana)
• Neuter nouns do not change their endings. (In the fourth example above, vozniško dovoljenje remains vozniško dovoljenje)

10 Adjectives in the accusative case

Nominative Accusative
jaz	mene / me
ti	tebe / te
on	njega / ga
ona	njo / jo
ono	njega / ga
mi	nas
vi	vas
oni	njih / jih

introduce yourself on the phone and ask if someone is there: 
pri telefonu. Je... tam?... on the phone. Is... there?
reply to an inquiry:
Samo trenutek, prosim. Just a moment, please. 
Vežem. Putting you through.
Zasedeno je.	It's engaged.
name basic items at a post office:
pismo		letter
razglednica	postcard
znamka	stamp

interna (na Interni) 	direct line (on the direct line) office
plsarna
Me trenutno ni v pisarni. I'm not in the office at the moment.
prosim vas	I'm asking you
da		that
znak: po znaku tone: after the tone
pustiti		to leave
sporočilo	message
telefonska tajnica: na telefonski tajnicl answering machine (lit. telephone secretary): on the answering machine
ko	when
vrniti se	to come back, to return 
poklicati 	to call
nazaj		back

6 KDAJ? OB SEDMIH ZVEČER When? At 7 p.m.

včeraj		yesterday
večer: zvečer evening: in the evening
sem ti telefoniral 	I telephoned you 
ampak	but
ni te bilo you were not 
doma	at home
si bll?	were you?
mi je dal gave me
vstopnica: dve vstopnici 	ticket: two tickets
predstava: za predstavo 	performance: for the performance
gledališče: v gledališču	theatre: in the theatre
danes ob sedmih zvečer	today at seven in the evening 
Imaš čas			you have time
popoldne 		in the afternoon 
mi povej 		tell me 
Lep pozdrav		Regards

Kje si bil včeraj zvečer? (Where were you last night?)

ravnokar 	just 
sem našel	found
trikrat ali štirikrat three or four times 
Sem te poklical	I called you
kino: v kino	cinema: to the cinema
sem šel	I went
Irena: z Ireno 	Irena: with Irena
že dolgo 	for a long time
nisem bil	I haven't been / I was not
jaz tudi ne	me neither
leto: letos	year: this year
samo 		only
enkrat		once

1 Enkrat, dvakrat, trikrat . . . (Once, twice,three times...)

2 Kdaj? (Time expressions)

jutro morning
zjutraj In the morning
dopoldan mid-morning
dopoldne in the morning
opoldan midday
opoldne at midday
popoldan afternoon
popoldne in the afternoon
večer evening
zvečer In the evening
noč night
ponoči during the night
dan day
podnevi during the day
leto year
letos this year
lani last year

prejšnji, -a, -e last
naslednji, -a, -e next
prejšnji mesec last month 
naslednja nedelja next Sunday
naslednje leto next year

3 Koliko je ura? (What is the time?)

ena ura
dve uri 
tri ure 
štiri ure 
pet ur
ena minuta 
dve minuti 
tri minute 
štiri minute 
pet minut
ena sekunda 
dve sekundi 
tri sekunde 
štiri sekunde 
pet sekund

5:30 Urá je pet in trideset minut.
3:15 Ura je tri in petnajst minut.
8:45 Ura je osem in petinštirideset minut.
2:00 Ura je točno dve.

4. Ob šestih ali ob sedmih? (At 6 or at 7?)

ob/od/do (at / from/ until):
1. enih
2. dveh 
3. treh
4. štirih
5. petih 
6. šestih
7. sedmih
8. osmih
9. devetih
10. desetih 
11. enajstih 
12. dvanajstih

5 Piši mi! (Write to me!)

to start your message with:
Živio, Marko or Pozdravljen, Marko!
On more official terms, you start with:
Spoštovani gospod...! or Spoštovana gospa...!
On affectionate terms:
Dragi...I or Draga...!
end to a frined:  'Lep pozdrav'
officially: 'S spoštovanjem ( 'with respect')

6 Past tense

'to be' + past participle
1) taking the infinitive form of the verb 
2) dropping the 'ti'
3) and adding:
-l for masculine 
-la for feminine 
-lo for neuter 
-li for plural

telefonirati (to telephone); 
videti (to see); 
povedati (to tell)
I telephoned you - sem telefoniral (if a man).
You saw - si videl.
They told - so povedali.

biti
jaz sem bil, -a
tl si bil, -a
on je bil
ona je bila
ono je bilo
mi smo bili
vi ste bili
oni so bili

telefonirati 
sem telefoniral, -a
si telefoniral, -a
je telefoniral
je telefonirala
je telefoniralo
smo telefonirali
ste telefonirali
so telefonirali

videti
sem videl, -a
si videl, -a
je videl
je videla
je videlo
smo videli
ste videli
so videli

povedati
sem povedal, -a 
si povedal, -a
je povedal
je povedala
je povedalo
smo povedali
ste povedali
so povedali

iti (to go) šel, šla, šlo, šli
priti (to come) prišel, prišla, prišlo, prišli 
reči (to say) rekel, rekla, reklo, rekli 
jesti (to eat) jedel, jedla, jedlo, jedli
piti (to drink) pil, pila, pilo, pili
najti (to find) našel, našla, našlo, našil

‘Telefoniral sem' can be translated as:
I telephoned
I have telephoned
I was telephoning
I have been telephoning

Nisem še jedel. I haven't eaten yet
Ni bil doma. He wasn't at home
Nismo šli. We didn't go.

7 Kakšno je danes vreme? (What's the weather like today?)

Danes je lepo/slabo vreme. (The weather is nice/bad today.)
deževati to rain
snežiti to snow

Dežuje.  It's raining.
Sneži. It's snowing.
Deževalo je. It was raining.
Snežilo je. It was snowing.

delovne ure working hours

ask what time it is: 
Koliko je ura? What time is it?

tell the time: 
točno štiri exactly 4 o'clock
štiri in petnajst minut 4:15
štiri in trideset minut 4:30
štiri in petinštirideset minut 4:45

tell someone how many times something occurs:
add -krat into the number, e.g.
štirikrat four times

use verbs in the past tense:
to be + past participle
sem bil si telefoniral  I was you telephoned

zakaj?	why? 
je zaprt, -a, -o  is closed
je odprt, -a, -o is opened 
stavka  strike 
stavkati to strike
Se vse zapre.  Everything closes. 
Zapomniti si moram. I must remember. 
Prijeten konec tedna. Have a good weekend. 
Hvala enako. The same to you.

7 KAR BO PA BO! Whatever will be will be!

mama (mami)   mother (for my mother) 
kaseta tape
rada posluša  she likes listening 
klasična glasba  classical music 
sestra (sestri)  sister (for my sister) 
nekaj  something
tržnica: na tržnici market: in the market
dobra ideja  good idea 
nujno urgently 
šе епо another
potovalka  travelling bag 
ne bom imela I will not have 
dovolj enough
prostor  space
vsa ta darila all those presents 
ne skrbi don't worry 
Jaz ti bom posodila I will lend you
eno veliko torbo  one large bag
napisati to write 
kratko pismo short letter
povedati ji moram  I must tell her 
priti počakati come to pick up 
na letališče to the airport

V kavarni (In a cafe)

2 What do you like?

3 What do you like doing?

4 How are you feeling?

5 The dative case

6 Future tense

ŽELITE, PROSIM? How may I help you?

V pekarni (At the bakery)

prodajalka  shop assistant
stranka customer (stranka can also mean client)
Kdo je na vrati?  Whose turn is it?
Kako vam lahko postrežem? How may I help you?
hleb a loaf (round) 
rženega ryebread
štruca a loaf (oval)
belega white bread
žemlje bread rolls
Želite še kaj drugega? Would you like anything else?
francoski kruh French bread
Na žalost ne več. I'm afraid there's none left
Potem bi bilo to vse. Then that would be all.

V mesnici (At the butcher's)

1 Po nakuplh (Shopping)

2 Mere (Measures)

3 Sadje in zelenjava (Fruit and vegetables)

4 Specialist shops

5 Ribe (Fish)

6 Meso (Meats)

7 Kruh (Bread)

8 Mleko in mlečni Izdelki (Milk and dairy products)

9 Bi...? (Would...?)

10 The genitive case

quantity of something (xxx of yyy):

hleb kruha a loaf (of) bread
kilogram mesa 1kg (of) meat
liter mleka 1 ltr (of) milk

Other words which express quantity, like
veliko, malo, nekaj, koliko, toliko :
Koliko kruha želite? How much bread would you like?
Imam veliko dela. I have a lot of work.
Ostalo mi je še nekaj denarja. I still have some money left.
Rad bi še malo mleka. I would like a bit more milk.

Direct object of all negative verbs:

Rad pijem kavo. I like drinking coffee.
Ne pijem kave. I do not drink coffee.
Jutri imam čas. I have time tomorrow.
Jutri nimam časa. I do not have time tomorrow.
Poznaš Sonjo? Do you know Sonja?
Ne poznam Sonje.I do not know Sonja.

Also, whenever ni is placed next to a noun, the noun will be in the genitive case, as in:
Kruha ni na mizi. Bread is not on the table.
Očeta še ni doma. Father is not home yet.

Some prepositions

od (from)
do (until)
iz (from)
zaradi (because of)
blizu (near)
namesto (instead of)
sredi (in the middle of)

od Ljubljane do Bleda from Ljubljana to Bled
iz Londona from London
zaradi slabega vremena because of bad weather
blizu tebe near you
namesto mene instead of me
sredi mesta in the middle of town

The basic rules for the genitive case are:
Feminine nouns ending in -a -> -e.
Masculine and neuter nouns ending -> -a.

11 Double negative

Negative words like
nič (nothing), nihče (nobody), nikoli (never),
take a negative verb:
Nič ne vem o tem. I know nothing about this. (lit. I don't know nothing about this.)
Nihče ni prišel. Nobody came. (lit. Nobody didn't come.)
Nikoli ne veš. You never know. (lit. You don't never know.)

Peteršilj (Parsley)

Peteršilj je začimba in uporabljamo jo kot dodatek jedem, zlasti juham, prikuham in različnim omakam.
Zelo pa izboljša okus tudi pečenemu mlademu krompirju, različnim solatam, rižu in tudi drugim jedem.
S peteršiljem okrasimo narezke, različne mesne jedi in prikuhe.
Sveži listi peteršilja so pomemben vir vitamina C.
Ker peteršilja ni zahtevno gojiti, bi bilo prav, da bi ga našli v vsakem vrtu, ker je odlična začimba, pomaga pa nam tudi ohranjati zdravje.

9 PRIDITE NA OBISK! Come and see us!

Povabilo (Invitation)

Tatjana Pozdravljena, Brigita. Kličem te, ker sem vas želela povabiti na večerjo. Prejšnji teden smo se preselili.
Brigita Čestitke! Ali je v hiši že vse gotovo?
Tatjana Kje pa! Videla boš, kako je. In zaenkrat bo tudi tako ostalo. Manjka še ogromno stvari in zmanjkuje nam denarja.
Vem, da nas čaka še veliko problemov, ampak lepo je biti v svoji hiši.
Brigita Razumem, ampak to ni pomembno. Prepričana sem, da se bo vse uredilo.
Tatjana Želite priti naokrog v petek okoli pol osmih?
Brigita Ja, z veseljem! Hvala za povabilo! Preden pozabim, daj mi novi naslov.

povabilo invitation
povabiti to invite
preseliti se: smo se preselili to move: we have moved
čestitke congratulations
All je v hiši že vse gotovo? Is everything ready yet in the house?
Kje pa! Not at all!
zaenkrat for the time being
bo tudi tako ostalo it will stay so
manjkati to be missing
ogromno very many
stvari things
Zmanjkuje nam denarja. We are getting short of money.
v svoji hiši in one's own house
to ni pomembno this is not important
prepričana sem I'm sure (fem)
Vse se bo uredilo. Everything will be fine.
priti naokrog come around before
preden pozabim I forget
Daj mi novi naslov. Give me your new address.

Tatjana To je dnevna soba. Marjan je sam položil tapete in tudi parket.
Brigita Lepa in velika soba je.
Tatjana Tukaj bo jedilnica ampak zaenkrat je še prazna.
Brigita Ta soba je še večja. Zelo lep razgled na vrt imate.
Tatjana Ja, če bi še enkrat začeli, bi bila to dnevna soba.
Brigita Oh, to je vedno tako. Če bi imeli mi več denarja, bi tudi veliko spremenili.
Tatjana In tukaj je kuhinja, manjkajo še zavese in nov štedilnik. Naročili smo ga že pred šestimi tedni in še ga niso pripeljali.
Brigita Ja, vem, kakšni problemi so z vsemi temi stvarmi. Ko smo mi naročili pralni stroj, je prišlo do neke pomote in namesto pralnega stroja so nam pripeljali pomivalni stroj. Potrpežljiv moraš biti, ko se preseliš. In koliko sob je zgoraj?
Tatjana Tri spalnice in kopalnica.

spremeniti to change
kuhinja kitchen
manjkati to miss
zavese curtains
štedilnik cooker
naročiti to order
pred šestimi tedni six weeks ago
Še ga niso pripeljati. They still haven't delivered it.
pralni stroj washing machine
pomota mistake
namesto instead of
pomivalni stroj dishwasher
potrpežljiv patient
spalnica bedroom
kopalnica bathroom

naselja districts
vrstne hiše terraced houses
blok, bloki blocks of flats

vrata doors
stoli chairs
Jedilniško pohištvo dining-room furniture
velika izbira large choice
krediti loans
provlačne cene inviting prices

2 Zgoraj / spodaj (Up/down)

Zgoraj up
spodaj down.
Kje je kuhinja? Where is the kitchen?
Zgoraj. Upstairs.
Kje je kopalnica? Where is the bathroom?
Spodaj. Downstairs.

3 Possessive adjectives and the use of svoj

Imaš ključ? Do you have (your) keys?
Ja, v žepu ga imam. Yes, they are in (my) pocket.

Svoj means one's own. his and her - svoj:
On ima svoj kjluč v žepu. He has his keys in his pocket.
Tatjana nam je pokazala svojo hišo. Tatjana showed us her house.

4 Use of tenses

Kako dolgo že stanujete tukaj? For how long have you been living here?
Kako dolgo že delate tukaj? For how long have you been working here?
Kako dolgo ste že v Ljubljani? For how long have you been in Ljubljana?

5 Use of že (already)

že already
Že osem let. For eight years (already).
Že pet tednov. For five weeks (already).

6 Use of šele and samo (only)

že - something has been happening for quite a while,
šele means only.
Samo also means only, but samo and šele are not interchangeable.

Kdaj si prišel? When did you come?
Šele včeraj. Only yesterday.

Kako dolgo ostaneš? For how long will you stay?
Samo dva dni. Only two days.

7 Completed and uncompleted actions

Perfective Imperfective
položiti polagati
začenjati začeti
zmanjkovati zmanjkati
urejati urediti
odhajati oditi
prodajati prodati

Že odhajaš? Are you leaving already?
Kdaj je odšel? When did he leave?
Kaj prodajajo tukaj? What do they sell here?
Kaj kupuješ? What are you buying?
Prodali smo stanovanje in kupili hišo. We sold our flat and bought a house.

8 Conditional

Če bi vedel...If I knew...
Če ne bi deževalo...If it hadn't rained...

conditional: 'bl' + past participle. Usually start with če if.
lahko bi could'
Lahko bi mi pomagal. You could help me.
Lahko bi šli v Ameriko. We could go to America.

Če bi imela več časa, bi ti pomagala. If I had more time I would help you. Če ne bi bil ves dan v službi, bi sam položil tapete. If I hadn't been at work all day I would put on the wallpaper myself. Če bi imel več denarja, bi kupil večjo hišo. If I had more money I would buy a bigger house.

invite somebody around:
Želel sem te/vas povabiti... I wanted to invite you...
Rada bi te / vas povabila... I'd like to invite you...

accept/refuse an invitation:
Z veseljem, hvala! With pleasure, thank you.
Žal mi je, ampak… I'm sorry, but...

show someone around your flat/house:
pokazati stanovanje / hišo (+dative) to show a flat / house (to someone)

describe rooms in your dwelling:
soba room
kuhinja kitchen
dnevna soba living room
jedilnica dining room
spalnica bedroom
kopalnica bathroom

Pohištvo za plitev žep (Furniture for a shallow pocket)

Vsak začetek je težak, tudi prvo stanovanje prinaša poleg veselja kup problemov. Ste porabili ves denar za nakup stanovanja ali hiše? Bi se radi vselili in opremili sobe? V tem primeru se je najbolje odločiti za prehodno pohištvo, ki mora biti predvsem poceni, dobro pa je, če ga lahko tudi kasneje uporabimo.

Vsak začetel je težak. lit. Every beginning is difficult.
prvo stanovanje the first flat
prinaša brings
poleg veselja apart from joy (Ilt. next to joy)
kup problemov a lot of problems
porabiti ves denar to spend all the money
za nakup stanovanja for the purchase of the fiat
ali hiše or house
vseliti se to move in
opremiti sobe to furnish rooms
v tem primeru in this case
Se je najbolje odločiti… It is best to go for…
prehodno pohištvo temporary furniture
predvsem above all, particularly
dobro pa je but it is good
kasneje uporabiti to use later

10 DOBER TEK! Bon appetit!

Natakar Dober dan. Mizo za dva?
Nadja Ja, prosím. Je že pozno za kosilo?
Natakar Ne, gospa ni. Je v redu ta miza?
Nadja Ja.
Natakar Izvolite jedilni list.
Nadja Hvala. Tatjana, kaj boš pila?
Tatjana Kozarec belega vina bi.
Nadja Jaz bom pa eno malo pivo.
Natakar Prav.
Nadja Ali imate samo jedi po naročilu ali tudi že gotove jedi?
Natakar Oboje. Tukaj je ala kart meni in na zadnji strani so današnje gotove jedi.
Nadja Hvala. Malo bova pogledali.
Natakar Seveda. Medtem bom prinesel pijačo.
(He comes back with drinks).
Natakar S čim lahko postrežem?
Nadja Ali lahko kaj priporočate?
Natakar Jajčevci v solati so bili vsem zelo všeč.
Nadja Verjamem, zelo dobri so. Doma jih velikokrat pripravim.
Tatjana Jaz pa nikoli. Ja, jaz bom jajčevce v solati in za predjed hladno paradižnikovo juho.
Natakar Prav. In vi?
Nadja Tudi jaz bom jajčevce, za predjed bom pa ocvrte sardine.
Natakar Prav. Želita kakšno prilogo z glavno jedjo?
Nadja Eno porcijo mladega praženega krompirja.
Natakar Odlično. Ne bo dolgo trajalo. Se vama mudi?
Nadja Ne, ampak lačni sva!

mizo za dva a table for two
Je že pozno za kosilo? Is it too late for lunch?
v redu all right, OK
ta miza this table
prav OK
jedi po naročilu dishes to order (à la carte)
gotove jedi prepared dishes
oboje both
na zadnji strani on the last page
današnji, -a, -e today's
Malo bova pogledali We (two) will have a look.
medtem in the meantime
bom prinesel I'll bring
pljača drinks
S čim lahko postrežem? (lit. 'With what can i serve (you)?')
All lahko kaj priporočate? Can you recommend anything?
jajčevci v solati aubergines in salad
So bili vsem zelo všeč. Everyone liked them very much. (lit. They were to everyone very pleasing.")
verjeti (verjamem) to belleve
pripraviti (pripravim) to prepare
predjed starter
hladna paradižnikova juha cold tomato soup
ocvrte sardine fried sardines
priloga side dish
porcija portion
mlad pražen krompir new fried potatoes
odlično excellent
Ne bo dolgo trajalo. It won't be long.
Se vama mudi? Are you (two) in a hurry?
Lačni sva. We (two) are hungry.

Jajčevci v solati (Aubergine salad)

Za 4 osebe potrebuješ:
50 dag manjših jajčevcev,
sol, 6 strokov česna,
1,5 kl olja,
1 šopek zelenega peteršilja,
nekaj vejic majarona,
3/4 dl rdečega vinskega kisa,
1,5 dl čiste mesne juhe iz koncentrata (naredimo jo iz polovice kocke),
sveže zmlet črn poper,
25 dag majhnih paradižnikov.

Jajčevce opereš, obrišeš in odrežeš peclje. Nato jih narežeš na centimeter debele rezine, po obeh straneh posoliš in razporediš na papirnate brisače. Z njimi jih tudi pokriješ. Medtem olupiš česen in stroke narežeš na tanke rezine. V večjo ponev naliješ 4 žlice olja, ga segreješ in dodaš česen, ki ga pražiš, dokler ne postekleni. Opražen česen pobereš iz ponve in daš na krožnik. Jajčevce obrišeš s papirnatimi brisačami. V ponev priliješ del preostalega olja in ga močno segreješ. Dodaš del jajčevcev in jih pečeš najprej na eni, potem pa še na drugi strani, da dobijo svetlo rjavo barvo. Preden jih obrneš, dodaš tudi peteršiljeve in majaronove listke. Pečene jajčevce pobereš iz ponve in daš v veliko skledo. Postopek pečenja jajčevcev ponavljaš, dokler ne spečeš vseh jajčevče. Pri pečenju porabiš ves peteršilj, majarona pa le polovico. Pečene jajčevče v skledi potreseš s pripravljenim česnom. Na olje, ki je ostalo v ponvi, naliješ kis in juho, zavreš, popopraš in po želji tudi osladiš. Gotov preliv zliješ na jajčevce, skledo pokriješ in daš za 2 uri na hladno, da jajčevci vpijejo preliv. Malo preden solato ponudiš, opereš paradižnike, jih narežeš na četrtine ali osmine (odvisno od velikosti), posoliš in skupaj s preostalo polovico majaronovih listkov rahlo primešaš jajčevcem.

Solata je nasitna, ponudiš jo lahko samo s kruhom. Dobra je tudi kot priloga k mesu z žara in kot predjed.

1 Hungry/thirsty

biti lačen, --čna, -čni to be hungry
biti žejen, --jna, –jni to be thirsty
Lačen in žejen je.He is hungry and thirsty.
Si lačna ali žejna? Are you hungry or thirsty? (to a woman)
Vsi smo lačni in žejni. We are all hungry and thirsty.

zajtrk breakfast
malica snack of some sort at about 11 a.m. (specifically) or just snack
kosilo lunch
večerja supper

3 Courses and types of food

predjed starter
hladne predjedi cold starters
tople predjedi hot starters
glavna jed main meal
sladica or dezert dessert

4 Places to eat

• restavracija (restaurant); they vary enormously
• samopostrežna restavracija (self-service restaurant);snacks and hot meals
• bife (snack bar); found at stations and in towns. stands, a drink, a snack
• gostilna (inn); they vary, from down- to up-market ones. It is worth asking for a recommendation of a good gostilna. Some of them serve homemade traditional food.

5 Jedilni pribor (Cutlery)

žilca spoon
vilica fork
nož knife
žlička teaspoon
z žlico with a spoon
z vilico with a fork
z nožem with a knife
z žličko with a teaspoon

6 If being a guest gets difficult

gost (sg.)/gostje (pl.) 'guest'
Lepo hišo/stanovanje imate!
Lep vrt imate!
domač, -a, -e. homemade
Je to domač, -a, -e...?
So to domači...? Is this/are these homemade?
Zelo dobro(-a) je. Zelo dobri so. It is / they are very good.
Ne hvala, ampak bilo je zelo dobro. No, thank you, but it was very good.
Ne hvala, ne morem več. No, thank you, I can't eat any more.
Hvala, sit/sita sem. Thank you, I'm full.
Res ne morem več. I really can't eat any more.

7 Ali... ali (Either...or/) Ne... ne... (Neither... nor...)

ali 'or'
either...or… ali... ali
ali solato ali zelenjavo either salad or vegetables
ali vsi ali nihče either everybody or no one
Ne 'no, not'
neither... nor ne... ne
Nisem ne lačen ne žejen. I am neither hungry nor thirsty.
Ne pijejo ne piva ne vina. They drink neither beer nor wine.

8 The Instrumental case

with whom or with what something was done.
Feminine nouns usually take an 'o' ending,
masculine and neuter nouns an 'om' or 'em' ending.

z manoj, z manowith me
s teboj, s tabo with you
z njim with him
z njo with her
z nami with us
z vami with you
z njimi with them

S and z both mean 'with'.
The instrumental case with prepositions:
- pred (before, in front of)
pred kosilom before lunch
pred hotelom in front of the hotel
- za (behind):
Za hišo behind the house
- med (between, among, during):
med nami between us, among us
med predstavo during the performance
- pod (under):
pod mizo under the table
- nad (over, above):
nad to sobo above this room

Mi lahko priporočite kakšno dobro restavracijo? Can you recommend a good restaurant?
Lahko dobim jedilni list, prosim? Can I have the menu, please?
Steklenico slovenskega vina prosim. A bottle of Slovene wine, please.
Imate...? Do you have...?
Kaj priporočate? What do you recommend?
Kaj je hišna špecialiteta? What is the speciality of the house?
Kje so vegetarijanske jedi? Where are the vegetarian dishes?
Kakšne solate imate? What salads do you have?
Lahko dobim račun, prosim. Can I have the bill please.

Jajčevci so v sorodu s paradižnikom in krompirjem, k nam pa niso prišli iz Amerike ampak iz Azije. V Indiji in na Kitajskem jih poznajo že tisočletja. Jajčevci, kakršne dobimo pri nas, so največkrat veliki in precej zaobljeni; manjša in bolj podolgovata vrsta je manj znana. Obe imata bleščečo lupino vijoličaste barve. Toda 'prajajčevec' je bil majhen in svetle barve, po obliki in barvi je bil podoben kokošjemu jajcu in od tod ime jajčevci.

Jajčevce včasih lupimo, drugič ne. Lahko jih pečemo, pražimo, cvremo, dušimo, nadevamo le surovih ne smemo jesti. Njihov okus je rahlo grenek. Če nas to moti, jih narežemo, posolimo in pustimo kake pol ure. Potem odcedimo tekočino in s tem tudi velik del grenkega okusa.

Najbolj slavna jed z jajčevci je verjetno grška musaka.

biti v sorodu z/s  to be related to
tisočletja thousands of years
kakršne dobimo pri nas as we can buy them
največkrat  most of the time
precej zaobljeni quite round
bolj podolgovata vrsta a longer kind
manj znana less known
obe both
bleščeča lupina shining skin 
vijoličast, -a, -o purple
'prajajčevec' 'ancient aubergine'
po obliki in barvi in shape and colour
biti podoben to be similar to, look like
kokošje jajce chicken's egg
od tod ime hence the name
včasih lupimo, drugič ne sometimes peel, and other times not
peči  bake
pražiti fry, roast
cvreti fry
dušiti stew
nadevati stuff
surov, -a, -o raw
ne smemo jesti must not eat 
okus taste
rahlo grenek slightly bitter 
motiti disturb
narezati to slice
posoliti sprinkle with salt
pustiti kake pol ure leave for about half an hour
odceditl filter off
tekočina  liquid
s tem tudi with that also
velik del grenkega okusa most of the bitterness
najbolj slavna jed the most famous dish
verjetno probably
grška musaka Greek moussaka